Green Vault | Dresden

The Green Vault (Grünes Gewölbe) in Dresden, Germany, is one of the oldest and most renowned museums of treasures in Europe. Located within Dresden Castle, it houses an extensive collection of extravagant artifacts, including jewelry, precious stones, gold objects, and intricate ivory carvings, amassed by the Electors and Kings of Saxony, particularly Augustus the Strong. This historic and artistic marvel is celebrated for its opulence, craftsmanship, and historical significance.

Historical Background

• Foundation by Augustus the Strong: The Green Vault was established in 1723 by Augustus the Strong, Elector of Saxony and King of Poland. He transformed part of Dresden Castle into a repository for his precious collections, naming it the "Green Vault" due to the green-painted columns and walls in the original rooms.
• Unique Concept: Augustus wanted the Green Vault to be an open display of wealth and craftsmanship, so he designed it as an opulent showplace rather than a conventional, closed treasury. Unlike other treasuries of the time, the Green Vault was created with the intent to amaze visitors, displaying treasures openly without cases.
• World War II and Restoration: During WWII, the Green Vault was damaged, and its treasures were moved for safekeeping. They were later seized by Soviet forces and returned to Dresden in 1958. After extensive restoration, the Green Vault reopened in 2006, restored to its Baroque splendor.

Two Distinct Sections

The Green Vault is divided into two sections, each with a unique focus and visitor experience:

Historic Green Vault:

• This section recreates the original, lavish rooms as Augustus intended. The displays are organized in the same manner as in the 18th century, without protective glass cases, creating a museum experience like stepping into a Baroque treasure chamber.
• Eight Rooms: The Historic Green Vault contains eight opulent rooms, each with a different theme, including:
  • The Amber Cabinet, filled with delicate amber sculptures.
  • The Silver Gilt Room, showcasing magnificent gold-plated silverware.
  • The Hall of Precious Objects, which includes countless artifacts crafted from precious stones, pearls, and crystals.
• Highlights: Visitors can admire masterpieces like the Ivory Room, featuring intricately carved ivory artifacts, and the Jewels Room, displaying exquisite diamond-encrusted objects.

New Green Vault:

• The New Green Vault displays the treasures in a more modern, secure setting with items protected by glass cases. This section highlights individual masterpieces, allowing visitors to observe the intricate details and exceptional artistry up close.
• Famous Items: Some of the most famous pieces in the New Green Vault include the Dresden Green Diamond (one of the rarest natural green diamonds in the world) and the Royal Household of Delhi, an elaborate, miniature scene made of gold, silver, and precious stones.

Notable Treasures and Artworks

The Green Vault is famous for its exceptional collection of Baroque and Renaissance treasures, including:

• Dresden Green Diamond: Weighing 41 carats, this rare green diamond is set in a brooch and surrounded by white diamonds. Its unique color and craftsmanship make it one of the museum's most prized pieces.
• The Golden Coffee Service: A complete coffee set crafted from gold, this masterpiece reflects the luxurious tastes of the Saxon court.
• The Court of the Great Mogul: This intricate miniature scene represents an imaginary royal court in India, with lifelike figurines crafted from gold, enamel, and precious gems. It’s a testament to the artistry and skill of Baroque goldsmiths.
• The Obelisk of Augustus the Strong: This sculpture depicts Augustus himself, adorned with elaborate details and showcasing the craftsmanship of Dresden’s artisans.
• Ivory and Amber Sculptures: The Green Vault houses a magnificent collection of ivory and amber, materials highly valued in Baroque Europe. Many of these pieces are intricately carved, displaying scenes from mythology and religious themes.

Architecture and Display

• Lavish Interior Design: The Historic Green Vault is known for its opulent rooms, designed with mirrors, chandeliers, gilded decorations, and richly painted walls that reflect the light, creating a glittering effect throughout the space. The unique presentation, without modern showcases, gives the illusion of entering a royal treasury.
• Focus on Aesthetics: Augustus the Strong envisioned the Green Vault as a space to inspire awe, and the architecture reflects this vision with an emphasis on elegance and richness, making the entire space a part of the collection's allure.

Security and Infamous Heist

• Security Measures: Due to the value and rarity of its collection, the Green Vault has some of the most stringent security measures. However, in November 2019, a daring heist occurred, during which thieves broke into the museum and stole several priceless artifacts, including diamond-studded items from the 18th century.
• Efforts to Recover Stolen Artifacts: The heist attracted global attention, and efforts to recover the stolen items continue. Despite the theft, the Green Vault remains a place of immense cultural and artistic value.

Visitor Information

• Guided Tours and Tickets: Due to the historic nature of the Green Vault and the preservation requirements, access to the Historic Green Vault is restricted to limited visitors per day. Advanced reservations are recommended.
• Location: The Green Vault is located in the Dresden Residenzschloss (Dresden Castle), near other famous Dresden attractions, including the Zwinger Palace and the Semper Opera House.

Conclusion

The Green Vault stands as a testament to the opulence of the Saxon court and the artistic achievements of Europe’s Baroque period. Its unique collection, rare treasures, and stunning presentation make it one of the most extraordinary museums in the world. For anyone interested in history, art, or royal treasures, a visit to the Green Vault provides an unforgettable journey into the past, showcasing the power, wealth, and splendor of Dresden's royal heritage.