La Gomera Natural Reserve | La Gomera

La Gomera Natural Reserve refers to various protected areas across the island of La Gomera, which is part of the Canary Islands. The island’s unique natural landscapes, diverse ecosystems, and endemic species make it a hub for conservation efforts. These protected areas, including Garajonay National Park and several Natural Reserves, are key to preserving the island's ecological balance and rich biodiversity.

Here’s a detailed look at the key natural reserves on La Gomera:

1. Garajonay National Park

• UNESCO World Heritage Site: Garajonay National Park is one of the island's most important protected areas and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986 due to its unique laurel forest ecosystem.
• Flora and Fauna: The park is home to endemic species of flora and fauna, including the laurel pigeon, Canary Island chaffinch, and a variety of rare plants like the Canary Island juniper. The park's laurel forest is often referred to as a “living fossil” due to its ancient origins.
• Hiking Trails: The park offers numerous hiking routes, with trails such as Sendero de la Cumbrecita and Sendero de El Cedro, which allow visitors to explore its mist-covered landscape and ancient trees.

2. Natural Reserve of Benchijigua

• Location: This natural reserve is located in the southern part of La Gomera and includes the Benchijigua Valley, a significant area within the island's protected territory.
• Landscape: The valley is characterized by steep cliffs, ravines, and lush vegetation. It contains important examples of the island’s natural heritage, including endemic plant species and birdlife. The reserve is a haven for hikers and nature lovers who wish to experience La Gomera’s rugged, untouched landscapes.
• Flora and Fauna: The reserve features many species endemic to La Gomera, particularly in the laurel forest and Canary Island pine forests. The area is also home to wildlife like the Canary Island lizard and several endemic bird species.

3. Natural Reserve of Garajonay (La Isla del Meridiano)

• Specific Areas Within Garajonay: This reserve refers to the portions of Garajonay National Park dedicated specifically to preserving certain landscapes and species unique to this part of the island. The area encompasses the elusive laurel forests, steep ravines, and mountain summits that offer incredible views and a sense of isolation.
• Protected Areas: The reserve covers critical habitats for both flora and fauna, helping to protect ancient tree species, endemic birds, and the natural beauty of La Gomera's diverse ecosystems.

4. La Gomera Natural Park

• Comprising Various Reserves: This park includes a network of natural reserves, each with its own distinct environment, ranging from coastal areas to mountainous terrain. It acts as a vital conservation area to preserve the island’s natural heritage, focusing on maintaining ecological balance and protecting endangered species.
• Biodiversity Conservation: The park is home to a variety of endemic plants and rare animal species, such as the Canary Island pine and the Gomera giant lizard. Its protection ensures that these unique species continue to thrive in their natural habitats.

5. Natural Reserve of La Meseta

• Geography: La Meseta is a high-altitude plateau located in the central region of La Gomera. The reserve encompasses this plateau and the surrounding mountains, which are often covered in mist and clouds. The area is considered one of the most biologically significant zones on the island due to its unique vegetation and wildlife.
• Endemic Species: The reserve hosts species that are rare even within La Gomera, such as Canary Island juniper and other endemic plants that flourish in the moist, cool climate at higher altitudes. The area is also a key location for birdwatching, as it provides a habitat for several endemic species of birds.

6. Natural Reserve of La Sima

• Ecological Importance: Located on the northeast coast of the island, this natural reserve is important for coastal and marine conservation. The area is particularly notable for its volcanic rock formations, coastal cliffs, and marine life.
• Marine Reserve: The surrounding waters are protected, and the region is home to a variety of marine species, including dolphins, whales, and a variety of fish. It is a popular destination for marine tourism and eco-tourism, including snorkeling and diving.

7. Natural Reserve of Los Roques de Agulo

• Iconic Landforms: This reserve is centered around the Roques de Agulo, two volcanic rock formations that rise steeply from the ocean. The reserve covers the surrounding area, including cliffs, ravines, and coastal zones.
• Flora and Fauna: The cliffs and surrounding areas are rich in plant life, with endemic species of shrubs and wildflowers. It’s also a nesting site for seabirds and offers incredible views of La Gomera’s rugged coast.

8. Natural Reserve of Valle Gran Rey

• Coastal and Mountainous Terrain: The Valle Gran Rey Natural Reserve encompasses both the coastal zone of the Valle Gran Rey (Great King Valley) and the mountainous ridges above. It is a diverse environment where tropical vegetation meets steep, dry cliffs.
• Biodiversity: This reserve is known for its variety of ecosystems, from coastal areas with tropical fruit plantations to the rugged mountain ridges, which feature dry shrubland and Canary Island pine forests. The valley is rich in endemic species, including several types of plants and birds.

9. Conservation Efforts

• Biodiversity Preservation: The various natural reserves on La Gomera are crucial for preserving the island’s unique ecosystems. Conservation efforts focus on maintaining habitats for endemic species, especially in the face of increasing human activity and climate change.
• Sustainable Tourism: Many of the natural reserves are open to tourists, but with restrictions to ensure that the environment is not disturbed. Hiking, birdwatching, and nature walks are common activities, but they are typically regulated to minimize the environmental impact.
• Scientific Research: La Gomera’s reserves provide an opportunity for scientific research on island ecosystems, species conservation, and climate change. Many researchers use these protected areas as natural laboratories for studying the effects of human activity and natural processes on island environments.

Conclusion

The natural reserves of La Gomera play a vital role in preserving the island’s unique biodiversity, ranging from ancient laurel forests to volcanic rock formations and coastal ecosystems. These reserves, including Garajonay National Park, Benchijigua, La Meseta, and others, protect rare species and offer visitors the chance to explore the island’s unspoiled natural beauty. Through ongoing conservation efforts, La Gomera continues to be a vital hub for ecological research and sustainable tourism, making it a true paradise for nature enthusiasts.