Old Main Bridge | Wurzburg

The Old Main Bridge (Alte Mainbrücke) is one of the most iconic landmarks in Würzburg, located in the Franconia region of Bavaria, Germany. Spanning the Main River, the bridge connects the Altstadt (Old Town) with the Marienberg Fortress and the surrounding areas. It is a key architectural and historical feature of the city and is renowned for its picturesque views and historical significance.

Key Facts and Features of the Old Main Bridge

Historical Background

• The Old Main Bridge was originally built between 1473 and 1543 to replace an older wooden bridge that had been destroyed. The bridge was commissioned by the Prince-Bishops of Würzburg as part of the city’s expansion and was constructed using stone, a durable material suitable for the changing dynamics of river traffic.
• The bridge has undergone several repairs and modifications over the centuries, but its essential structure has remained intact. It has played an essential role in connecting the northern and southern parts of the city, facilitating trade, travel, and communication.
• The bridge was used for both pedestrian and horse-drawn traffic and served as a key crossing point until modern bridges were built in the 20th century.

Architectural Design

• The Old Main Bridge is a stone bridge with nine arches spanning the Main River, and it stretches about 210 meters (690 feet) in length. The bridge’s structure is elegant and functional, designed to allow for both vehicular traffic and pedestrians, while also withstanding the force of the river.
• The bridge is made of sandstone and reflects the Renaissance and Baroque architectural styles. Its massive stone supports are decorated with ornate sculptures and reliefs of saints, saints' figures, and religious motifs, which were added to enhance its aesthetic appeal and symbolize the city's strong Catholic identity.
• The bridge has a slight curve, which was designed to allow for better navigation of river traffic at the time.

Statues and Sculptures

• One of the defining features of the Old Main Bridge is its sculptures. It is lined with 12 statues of saints and religious figures, which were added between 1730 and 1750. The statues were created by various artists and are among the most distinctive elements of the bridge.
• Some of the notable figures depicted in the statues include:
  • Saint Kilian (the patron saint of Würzburg), whose statue stands at the northern entrance of the bridge.
  • Saint Francis of Assisi, Saint Peter, and Saint Paul, among others, reflecting the city’s deep religious roots.
• The statues are mounted on pillars along the bridge, offering a visual connection to Würzburg’s religious heritage.

Views and Scenic Beauty

• The Old Main Bridge offers some of the most beautiful panoramic views of Würzburg. From the bridge, visitors can enjoy views of the Marienberg Fortress perched high above the city, as well as the Würzburg Cathedral and the historic Old Town.
• The Main River itself adds to the charm of the location, with boats occasionally passing under the bridge, offering a quintessential German river scene.
• The bridge is also a favorite spot for both locals and tourists to relax, take photographs, and enjoy the surroundings. During the warmer months, it is common to see people sitting on the bridge, enjoying a glass of wine or beer while taking in the views.

Access and Connection

• The Old Main Bridge connects the Altstadt (Old Town) on the southern bank of the Main River with the district of Marienberg and the Marienberg Fortress on the northern bank. This strategic position made the bridge a key route for travelers, merchants, and military forces throughout the centuries.
• The bridge is also a key part of the Würzburg Wine Route, which traces the region's rich winemaking history. Many local wineries are located along the riverbanks, and the bridge provides easy access to the surrounding vineyards and wine cellars.

Modern Significance

• Today, the Old Main Bridge is a pedestrian-only bridge, making it a peaceful and scenic walk for those wishing to cross the river and explore both sides of the city. It remains a central feature of Würzburg’s urban landscape and continues to draw visitors from around the world.
• In addition to being a historical site, the bridge is also used as a venue for cultural and social events. In the summer, it is often the site of outdoor concerts, festivals, and wine tastings, reflecting the city’s vibrant cultural life.
• The bridge is a popular spot for tourist photos, especially at sunrise or sunset when the light casts a warm glow over the bridge, the river, and the city.

Legend and Tradition

• According to local legend, the Old Main Bridge was a place for people to leave small offerings to the river gods, hoping to receive protection and blessings. Today, the tradition of placing a coin in the river for good luck persists among tourists and locals alike.
• In the past, merchant stalls and traders would also use the bridge to display their goods, contributing to the economic importance of the structure.

Conclusion

The Old Main Bridge is not only an essential historical structure but also a symbol of the city of Würzburg itself. With its beautiful statues, panoramic views, and centuries-old history, it offers both a cultural experience and a peaceful retreat for those looking to explore the heart of the city. Whether you’re walking across it to reach the Marienberg Fortress, enjoying the stunning views of the river, or simply taking in the atmosphere, the Old Main Bridge remains one of Würzburg’s most beloved landmarks.