Assistens Cemetery | Copenhagen

Assistens Cemetery (Assistens Kirkegård) is one of Copenhagen's most historic and picturesque cemeteries, located in the Nørrebro district of the city. Unlike typical cemeteries, Assistens Cemetery also serves as a peaceful urban park and an important cultural site. It is not only a place of burial but also a significant green space and an area of historical importance, housing the graves of many notable figures.

Overview

• Name: Assistens Cemetery (Assistens Kirkegård)
• Location: Nørrebro district, Copenhagen, Denmark
• Size: Approximately 3.5 hectares (8.6 acres)
• Type: Historical cemetery, park, and cultural site
• Opening: Founded in 1760 as a burial ground
• Status: Still active, with new burials

History

Assistens Cemetery was founded in 1760 as a burial ground to accommodate the growing population of Copenhagen. It was designed as a burial place for both the city's residents and the upper classes. Over the centuries, the cemetery has become more than just a resting place; it has transformed into an important historical and cultural site.

Establishment:

• Assistens Cemetery was established to alleviate overcrowding in older cemeteries in the city. Its design was influenced by the Enlightenment ideals of the time, with an emphasis on creating a peaceful, aesthetically pleasing resting place for the dead.
• The cemetery initially started as a private burial ground but soon became more public, and its significance grew as more notable figures were laid to rest there.

Transformation into a Public Park:

• By the early 20th century, the cemetery was transformed into a public park. It was seen as a tranquil escape from the urban environment, with landscaped paths, trees, and open spaces. The idea was to combine the function of a cemetery with that of a green urban space where locals could walk, relax, and reflect.

Notable Figures Buried in Assistens Cemetery

Assistens Cemetery is famous for being the final resting place of many prominent figures in Danish history, especially in the fields of literature, art, philosophy, and science. Some of the most notable individuals buried here include:

Hans Christian Andersen:

• Hans Christian Andersen, the beloved Danish fairy tale author, is perhaps the most famous person buried at Assistens Cemetery. His grave, located near the main entrance, is marked with a simple headstone and is a popular pilgrimage site for fans of his stories. Andersen is celebrated for writing timeless tales such as The Little Mermaid, The Ugly Duckling, and The Snow Queen.

Niels Bohr:

• Niels Bohr, the Nobel Prize-winning physicist who made significant contributions to quantum theory and atomic structure, is also buried at Assistens Cemetery. His work remains foundational to modern physics, and his grave is visited by many science enthusiasts.

Søren Kierkegaard:

• Søren Kierkegaard, the famous Danish philosopher, theologian, and the father of existentialism, is buried at Assistens Cemetery as well. His gravesite is a significant site for those interested in philosophy and existential thought.

Karen Blixen (Isak Dinesen):

• Karen Blixen, the renowned author best known for her memoir Out of Africa and her works under the pen name Isak Dinesen, is another literary figure buried at Assistens Cemetery.

Others:

• Numerous other notable figures, including poets, artists, and scientists, are buried at Assistens Cemetery, making it a key site for those interested in Denmark’s cultural history.

The Cemetery as a Park

Aside from its function as a burial ground, Assistens Cemetery is also a lovely public park where locals and tourists alike can enjoy a quiet walk, reflect, or relax. Here are some of the park's features:

Landscape Design:

• The cemetery is beautifully landscaped with paths, mature trees, flower beds, and green lawns. Its design combines both the practical needs of a burial ground and the aesthetic appeal of a park, making it a peaceful retreat within the city.
• The cemetery’s natural beauty, with its combination of shaded areas and open spaces, makes it a pleasant place to visit, whether you’re interested in the history, culture, or simply a tranquil walk.

Peaceful Atmosphere:

• Assistens Cemetery is often described as having a serene and reflective atmosphere. Despite being located in a busy urban area, the park feels peaceful and meditative. It’s a perfect place to escape the noise of the city and enjoy nature.

Public Events and Activities:

• The cemetery is not only used for reflection but also occasionally hosts cultural events, such as art exhibitions, concerts, and public talks. These events connect the cemetery’s historical significance to contemporary culture.

Visitor Information

Opening Hours:

• Assistens Cemetery is open daily and accessible year-round, typically from 8:00 AM until 6:00 PM, though the hours may vary in winter months.
• The cemetery is free to visit and is open to the public for both sightseeing and quiet reflection.

Admission:

• There is no entry fee to the cemetery, making it a popular and accessible destination for those looking to explore a significant historical site in Copenhagen.

How to Get There:

• Assistens Cemetery is located in the Nørrebro district, which is easily accessible by public transport. The closest metro station is Nørreport, which is just a short walk away. Buses and bicycles are also common modes of transport to the cemetery.

Facilities:

• While the cemetery does not have many facilities like cafes or restaurants, there are several cafés and restaurants in the nearby Nørrebro district where visitors can stop for refreshments.

Cultural and Educational Value

Assistens Cemetery is a key cultural landmark in Copenhagen, providing not only historical context but also educational opportunities for visitors. It offers a chance to learn about Denmark’s rich cultural and intellectual history, particularly in the fields of literature, philosophy, science, and art.

Educational Tours:

• Guided tours are available for those interested in learning about the historical significance of the cemetery and the prominent figures buried there. These tours provide deeper insights into the lives and works of the famous individuals interred at Assistens.

Reflection on Danish History:

• The cemetery is a significant place for understanding the broader context of Danish history, as it reflects the intellectual and cultural evolution of Denmark over several centuries.

Fun Facts

Hans Christian Andersen’s Grave: The grave of Hans Christian Andersen is marked by a modest, unassuming headstone with an inscription that reads simply "Hans Christian Andersen, 1805-1875". Visitors from all over the world come to pay tribute to the author, and flowers are often left at the site.

Niels Bohr’s Grave: The grave of Niels Bohr features a small, discreet stone, and it is often surrounded by small offerings from those who admire his contributions to modern physics.

Visiting Tips

1. Best Time to Visit: The best time to visit Assistens Cemetery is during spring and summer when the park is lush with greenery and blooming flowers. However, the cemetery is open year-round and can be an interesting visit at any time of the year.
2. Respect for the Site: Remember that Assistens Cemetery is an active cemetery, so visitors should be respectful of the resting places of others and observe proper decorum while walking through the grounds.
3. Combine with Other Attractions: After visiting Assistens Cemetery, you can explore nearby attractions in Nørrebro, such as Superkilen Park, Assistens Kirke, or the vibrant shopping and dining scene in the district.

Assistens Cemetery is a beautiful and historically rich destination that offers both a connection to Denmark's past and a peaceful space for reflection. Whether you’re interested in Danish history, culture, or just looking for a tranquil spot to relax, Assistens Cemetery provides a unique and meaningful experience in the heart of Copenhagen.