Cross River National Park | Calabar

Cross River National Park is a prominent conservation area located in Cross River State, southeastern Nigeria. It is one of Nigeria’s largest protected areas, covering an extensive 4,000 square kilometers. Established in 1991, the park is crucial for biodiversity conservation in the region and is recognized as one of the most ecologically significant areas in the country.

Ecological Importance:

Cross River National Park is home to some of Nigeria’s most endangered species and is a UNESCO biodiversity hotspot. The park’s ecological diversity supports a wide range of flora and fauna, many of which are endemic or critically endangered. Some of the notable species that thrive in the park include:

Cross River gorilla (Gorilla gorilla diehli), one of the world's rarest and most endangered subspecies of gorilla.

Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti), an endangered chimpanzee species found in the region.

Drill monkey (Mandrillus leucophaeus), another endangered primate species native to the area.

The park’s diverse ecosystems range from lowland rainforests to montane forests, which together form an essential habitat for many other animal and plant species.

Divisions of the Park:

Oban Division:

This division covers approximately 3,000 square kilometers and is known for its rugged terrain and lush lowland rainforests. The elevation ranges from 100 meters in the valleys to 1,000 meters in the mountainous regions. It shares a border with Korup National Park in Cameroon, creating a transboundary conservation zone that enhances ecological protection and biodiversity.

The Oban Division is known for being rich in wildlife, particularly primates like the Drill monkey and chimpanzees, as well as various bird species and reptiles.

Okwangwo Division:

Located in the northern part of the park, the Okwangwo Division spans around 640 square kilometers and is characterized by lowland and sub-montane closed-canopy forests. The division is situated at the headwaters of the Cross River, adding to its ecological importance.

The area is known for its rich biodiversity, including species of birds, amphibians, and mammals, making it a critical area for wildlife conservation.

Biodiversity and Conservation:

The Cross River National Park plays a crucial role in the conservation of many endangered species, including the Cross River gorilla, which is one of the rarest species of gorillas in the world. The park also serves as an important sanctuary for other species, such as the forest elephant, buffalo, and a variety of bird species, including several species of hornbills and eagles.

The park's location, which straddles the border between Nigeria and Cameroon, adds to its significance as part of a larger trans-boundary conservation initiative. This international effort helps protect the park's wildlife and promotes biodiversity preservation in both countries.

Activities and Visitors:

Visitors to Cross River National Park can explore its diverse ecosystems through guided tours, hiking, and bird watching. The park offers an opportunity to witness rare and endangered species in their natural habitats, making it a destination for eco-tourism and wildlife enthusiasts.

The park also serves as an educational resource, with several ongoing conservation projects aimed at protecting the unique wildlife of the region. Those visiting the park can learn about the ongoing efforts to protect endangered species, restore degraded habitats, and maintain biodiversity.

Conclusion:

Cross River National Park is a vital conservation area not only for Nigeria but for the global community. Its rich biodiversity, critical species protection, and trans-boundary conservation efforts make it one of the most important parks in West Africa. The park’s ecosystems and wildlife offer visitors a unique opportunity to experience one of Africa's last pristine rainforests.