Lake Otjikoto | Tsumeb

Lake Otjikoto is a permanent sinkhole lake located 20 km northwest of Tsumeb, situated directly beside the B1 highway. It is a national monument and one of only two permanent natural lakes in northern Namibia.

Visual Characteristics

The lake is a near-perfect circular aperture in the limestone floor, measuring approximately 102 meters in diameter. The water appears dark green to cobalt blue due to its extreme depth and the surrounding vertical dolomite cliffs. The perimeter is enclosed by a high fence for safety, with designated viewing platforms and a small museum facility.

Geological Origin

The lake was formed by the collapse of a massive dolomite cave roof. It is part of the Otavi Mountainland’s subterranean karst system and is surface-linked to the water table. While surface dimensions are small, the lake is shaped like an upside-down mushroom, widening significantly beneath the visible rim. The maximum recorded depth is approximately 145 meters, though internal debris and silting make precise measurement difficult.

Historical Significance

During World War I, in July 1915, retreating German Schutztruppe dumped a significant quantity of artillery, machine guns, and ammunition into the lake to prevent them from falling into the hands of the advancing South African forces.

Recovered Artifacts: Many of these cannons and ammunition wagons were salvaged by divers and are currently on display at the Tsumeb Museum.

The Safe Legend: Persistent local legends claim a heavy safe containing six million gold marks was also dumped in the lake, though extensive diving expeditions have never located it.

Key Highlights & Activities

Underwater Museum: A dedicated exhibit at the site provides historical context regarding the sunken weaponry.

Birdwatching: The cliffs provide nesting sites for various bird species, and the surrounding bushveld is rich in local avifauna.

Diving: Recreational diving is strictly regulated and requires special permits from the National Heritage Council, as the lake is a protected site and visibility is often low due to suspended particulate matter.

Endemic Species: The lake is home to the Tilapia guinasana, a rare cichlid that was introduced from nearby Lake Guinas.

Infrastructure & Amenities

Access: Fully accessible by 2WD vehicles; located 100 meters off the paved B1 highway.

Facilities: Small entrance gate, curio stalls, restrooms, and a shaded museum area.

Hours: Generally open 08:00 to 17:00 daily.

Connectivity: High-speed 4G mobile signal is stable.

Nearby Landmarks

Tsumeb: 20 km Southeast.

Lake Guinas: 30 km West (A larger, deeper sinkhole lake).

Hoba Meteorite: 45 km South.

Etosha National Park: 80 km Northwest.