Maryland State House | Annapolis

The Maryland State House, located in Annapolis, is the oldest state capitol in continuous legislative use in the United States. It serves as the seat of Maryland’s government, housing the offices of the Governor, the General Assembly, and the Lieutenant Governor. The building is a prime example of colonial-era architecture and a symbol of Maryland’s rich political history.

Historical Background

Construction of the Maryland State House began in 1772 and was completed in 1797, though it has undergone multiple renovations and expansions over the centuries. The building's design reflects Georgian architectural style, characterized by symmetry, classic proportions, and restrained decorative details.

The State House played a pivotal role during the early years of the United States. Notably, it served as the temporary capital of the United States Congress from November 1783 to August 1784 while New York City was recovering from the Revolutionary War. During this period, the Treaty of Paris, which officially ended the Revolutionary War, was ratified within its walls on January 14, 1784. Additionally, George Washington famously resigned his commission as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army here in December 1783, an act that helped establish the precedent of civilian control of the military.

Architectural Features

The Maryland State House is renowned for its distinctive wooden dome, the largest of its kind in the United States, constructed without nails. The dome rises 180 feet above the building and is topped with a gilded wooden statue known as “The Crown,” symbolizing Maryland’s colonial heritage and monarchy.

Inside, the State House contains several historically significant rooms, including:

Old Senate Chamber: Preserved in its original condition from the late 18th century, this chamber was where the U.S. Senate met during the temporary congressional sessions. It features original woodwork, benches, and period furnishings.

House of Delegates Chamber: The current legislative chamber used by Maryland’s lower house, adorned with murals, portraits, and decorative woodwork.

Governor’s Office: A stately room where the state’s executive business is conducted, reflecting colonial-era elegance.

Cultural and Civic Importance

The Maryland State House remains a vital hub of state government and political activity. It is the site of legislative sessions, official ceremonies, and public events. The building’s historical significance makes it a focal point for educational tours, civic engagement, and celebrations of Maryland’s heritage.

The State House is open to the public for guided tours, which provide insight into its architectural features, historical events, and ongoing role in governance.

Preservation and Recognition

Recognized as a National Historic Landmark, the Maryland State House is meticulously maintained to preserve its architectural integrity and historical artifacts. Restoration efforts have ensured that both the exterior and interior retain their colonial character while accommodating the functional needs of modern government.

Visitor Experience

Visitors to the Maryland State House can explore its grand rooms, learn about key moments in American history, and enjoy panoramic views of Annapolis from the dome area. The building’s central location in the Annapolis Historic District makes it accessible to tourists interested in combining political history with the charm of colonial architecture and waterfront scenery.

Summary

The Maryland State House stands as a monumental symbol of Maryland’s colonial past and its foundational role in the early United States. Its architectural grandeur, historical milestones, and continued function as a seat of government make it a landmark of both local and national significance. The building embodies the enduring legacy of democratic governance and historical preservation.