Moravian Karst | Brno

The Moravian Karst (Moravský kras) is the most significant karst region in Central Europe, located approximately 30 kilometers north of Brno. It is a protected landscape area covering 92 km² and containing over 1,100 discovered caves.

Visual Characteristics

The landscape is defined by deep limestone canyons, sinkholes, and lush mixed forests. Underground, the caves feature massive domes, intricate stalactite and stalagmite formations, and subterranean rivers. The Macocha Abyss, a 138.5-meter-deep light hole formed by a collapsed cave ceiling, is the region's most dramatic visual landmark.

Location & Access Logistics

Gateway: The primary entry point is the Skalní Mlýn information center near Blansko.

Transit: Trains run from Brno Main Station (Hlavní nádraží) to Blansko (approx. 20–30 mins). From Blansko, the "Krasobus" (shuttle bus) connects to Skalní Mlýn.

On-site Transport: A tourist eco-train connects Skalní Mlýn to the Punkva Caves. A cable car links the Punkva Caves to the upper rim of the Macocha Abyss.

Parking: Large central parking lots are available at Skalní Mlýn and near the Macocha upper viewing platform.

Historical & Ecological Origin

The karst formations are composed of Devonian limestone, sculpted over millions of years by the Punkva River and other water systems. Historically, the area has been a site of significant archaeological finds, including Neanderthal remains in the Kůlna Cave and prehistoric animal bones (cave bears, lions) in the Sloupsko-šošůvské Caves.

Key Highlights & Activities

Punkva Caves (Punkevní jeskyně): The most popular site, featuring a boat ride on the underground Punkva River and access to the floor of the Macocha Abyss.

Kateřinská Cave: Known for the "Bamboo Forest" (unique stick-like stalagmites) and its massive Main Dome used for concerts.

Balcarka Cave: Highly decorated with colorful dripstone formations.

Výpustek Cave: A former secret military command post and underground factory with a unique 20th-century history.

Sloupsko-šošůvské Caves: The largest accessible cave system in the country, featuring vast chambers and deep abysses.

Infrastructure & Amenities

Ticketing: Online booking is mandatory for Punkva Caves, often weeks in advance during peak season. Tickets must be collected at Skalní Mlýn at least 40 minutes before the tour.

Temperature: Caves maintain a constant 8°C (46°F); warm clothing and sturdy footwear are required year-round.

Dining: Restaurants and snack bars are located at Skalní Mlýn, the Macocha Cottage (Chata Macocha), and near the Sloupsko-šošůvské entrance.

Best Time to Visit

The main season is April through October. While several caves remain open in winter (such as Punkva and Výpustek), some routes or sites may have reduced hours. Weekdays are recommended to avoid heavy local tourism.

Facts & Legends

The Macocha Abyss (Stepmother Abyss) is named after a 17th-century legend. According to the tale, an evil stepmother threw her stepson into the gorge to secure an inheritance for her own child. The boy survived by catching onto branches, but the stepmother, consumed by guilt or fear of discovery, threw herself into the abyss.

Nearby Landmarks

Pernštejn Castle – A massive Gothic-Renaissance fortress 30km west.

Křtiny Pilgrimage Church – A Baroque masterpiece by Jan Blažej Santini-Aichel.

Rudice Windmill and Sinkhole – A site where the Jedovnice stream disappears 90m underground.