Arlon | Belgium

Arlon is a city located in the southernmost part of Belgium, in the Wallonia region, and is the capital of the province of Luxembourg. Arlon holds a special significance due to its historic heritage, Roman roots, and its location near the French and Luxembourg borders. While it may be smaller than some other Belgian cities, Arlon offers visitors a rich cultural experience, with a fascinating blend of historical sites, natural beauty, and a calm yet vibrant atmosphere.

History

• Roman Origins: Arlon's history stretches back to Roman times. The city was originally a Roman settlement known as Orolaunum, and it served as an important administrative center for the Roman province of Belgica. The Roman road that passed through the city linked the Roman Empire's northern territories with the Mediterranean. The legacy of this era can still be seen in the remains of Roman buildings and artifacts scattered throughout the region.
• Middle Ages: After the fall of the Roman Empire, Arlon became part of the Holy Roman Empire and later came under the control of the Duchy of Luxembourg. During the Middle Ages, the town grew as a center of trade, culture, and religious activity. The Fortified Castle of Arlon was constructed during this time to defend the settlement from external threats.
• French and Belgian Control: In the 17th century, Arlon, like many parts of the Luxembourg region, experienced French occupation during the French Revolutionary Wars. Following the Napoleonic era, Arlon was incorporated into Belgium when it became an independent nation in 1830. The city's strategic location near France and Luxembourg has continued to shape its cultural identity and development.
• Modern Arlon: Today, Arlon is a modern city with a rich history, serving as an important administrative, commercial, and cultural center within the province. It combines contemporary life with historic charm, and its proximity to neighboring France and Luxembourg makes it an attractive destination for both local and international visitors.

Architecture and Landmarks

Arlon offers a wealth of historical sites and monuments, some of which date back to Roman and medieval times, as well as several artistic landmarks that reflect the city's dynamic cultural life.

• Arlon Archaeological Museum (Musée Archéologique d'Arlon): The Arlon Archaeological Museum is a key place to learn about the city's Roman and medieval past. It houses an impressive collection of Roman artifacts, including pottery, coins, and tools. The museum is located near the site of a former Roman villa and offers insights into the early history of the region.
• The Roman Villa of Ola: One of the most important archaeological sites in Arlon is the Roman villa of Ola, where visitors can explore ruins of the Roman-era residential complex. The villa once served as a lavish Roman estate with mosaics, baths, and heating systems.
• Saint-Martin's Church (Église Saint-Martin): The Saint-Martin's Church is a neo-Gothic church located in the city center. It was built in the 19th century and features beautiful stained-glass windows, an impressive altar, and a soaring bell tower. The church is an important religious site for the local community.
• The Fortified Castle: The Fortified Castle of Arlon, located near the city center, was built during the Middle Ages and was part of the city's defensive system. Though much of the castle no longer remains, parts of the fortifications can still be seen around the city, offering a glimpse into Arlon's medieval military past.
• The Gate of the Former Fortress (Porte de la Ville): The Porte de la Ville is the surviving gateway of the old fortifications. Built during the 18th century, this gate is a reminder of the city's historical military importance.
• The Place Léopold: The Place Léopold is one of the central squares of Arlon, surrounded by several historical buildings and cafés. It's a popular place for locals and visitors to gather, relax, and enjoy the city's lively atmosphere.
• The Belfry of Arlon: The Belfry of Arlon is part of the Walloon belfries, which are UNESCO World Heritage sites. The belfry is an architectural symbol of the city's autonomy and its historical role in the medieval governance structure.

Culture and Festivals

Arlon is a vibrant city with a rich cultural heritage. Throughout the year, the city hosts several festivals, art exhibitions, and music events that celebrate its history and lively atmosphere.

• Fête de la Saint-Martin: The Fête de la Saint-Martin is one of the city's most important festivals, celebrated in honor of the patron saint of Arlon, Saint Martin. The festival features a variety of cultural performances, traditional processions, and fireworks. It's an important event for both locals and visitors.
• Arlon Christmas Market: The Arlon Christmas Market is a favorite winter event in the city, held during the holiday season. The market offers a variety of handcrafted goods, seasonal treats, and festive decorations, making it a perfect place to soak up the Christmas spirit.
• International Music Festival: Arlon also hosts an international music festival that features performances by musicians from all over the world. The festival includes a variety of genres, from classical to jazz, and is an important event for music lovers.
• Exhibitions and Art Events: Arlon has a thriving art scene, with frequent exhibitions and cultural events taking place at the city's museums and galleries. Visitors can explore contemporary art, as well as historic art collections, at locations like the Musée Archéologique d'Arlon and the Maison du Tourisme.

Cuisine

Arlon is part of the Walloon region, and its cuisine reflects the rich Belgian traditions of hearty, comforting dishes. Local specialties are heavily influenced by both French and Belgian cooking traditions.

• Arlon's local specialties: One of the most famous dishes in the region is "Arlonese meatballs", often served with fries and stoemp (a type of mashed potato with vegetables). Another local dish is "porc au fromage", a pork dish cooked with local cheese.
• Belgian Beer: As with most of Belgium, Arlon has a strong beer culture. Visitors can sample local beers from the province of Luxembourg, such as blondes, brunes, and Trappist beers. Beer tastings and pub tours are popular activities.
• Chocolate: Belgium is famous for its chocolate, and Arlon is no exception. Visitors can find a variety of chocolate shops that produce handcrafted truffles and other chocolate delights.

Transportation

Arlon is well-connected to other parts of Belgium and neighboring countries.

• By Train: Arlon is served by the Arlon Railway Station, which offers regular connections to Brussels, Luxembourg, and other cities in the region. The station is a hub for international trains, making it easy to travel to France and Luxembourg.
• By Car: Arlon is located near major highways, making it easily accessible by car. The city is close to the E25 motorway, which connects Belgium and Luxembourg.
• Cycling: Arlon is a bike-friendly city with several cycling paths and scenic routes, particularly along the Sûre and Meuse Rivers.

Conclusion

Arlon is a city that offers a unique blend of Roman history, medieval heritage, and modern charm. Its historical landmarks, such as the Roman Villa of Ola, Saint-Martin's Church, and Citadel, provide a glimpse into the city’s past. At the same time, Arlon's cultural festivals, vibrant atmosphere, and local cuisine make it a wonderful destination for visitors. Whether you’re exploring the archaeological sites, enjoying a stroll along the cobblestone streets, or indulging in Belgian delicacies, Arlon offers a memorable and enriching experience.