Turnhout | Belgium

Turnhout is a city located in the Flemish Region of Belgium, specifically in the province of Antwerp. It is the capital of the district of Turnhout and lies near the Dutch border, making it a key hub in the region. Turnhout is known for its rich historical heritage, textile industry, and role as the center of the Belgian card game industry. The city offers a charming mix of historical landmarks, cultural offerings, and modern amenities, making it an attractive destination for both visitors and residents.

History

• Early Origins: Turnhout's history dates back to the Middle Ages, when it was originally a small settlement. It developed around the Castle of Turnhout (Turnhouts Kasteel), a fortification that has existed since the 12th century. Over time, the city became an important market town and administrative center in the region.
• Medieval and Early Modern Period: In the 13th century, Turnhout received its town charter, which allowed it to hold markets and fairs. The city's location at the intersection of important roads and waterways helped it become a significant trading post. During the 16th century, Turnhout gained further prominence as a center of the textile industry, particularly linen production.
• Industrialization: The 19th century saw a shift in Turnhout's economy with the rise of the card manufacturing industry. The city became the heart of the Belgian playing card industry due to its large-scale production of card decks. This tradition continues today, as Turnhout is still home to several card companies.
• Modern Times: Today, Turnhout is a blend of historical charm and modern development. It is known for its local culture, thriving businesses, and historical preservation efforts. The city is an important commercial and cultural center in the Antwerp Province, with easy access to major cities like Antwerp, Ghent, and Brussels.

Key Landmarks and Architecture

Turnhout is home to a number of historic buildings and cultural landmarks that reflect its rich history and architectural diversity.

• Turnhout Castle (Kasteel van Turnhout): The Turnhout Castle is the most significant historical landmark in the city. Built in the 12th century, it originally served as a fortress and residence for local nobility. The castle underwent several expansions and renovations over the centuries and now houses the Turnhout City Museum and a regional archive. The castle is an important symbol of the city’s medieval past.
• Beguinage of Turnhout (Begijnhof): The Beguinage is a peaceful, historical area that once housed a community of Beguines, religious women who lived independently of traditional monasteries. The Beguinage consists of charming, whitewashed houses and a church, which is still used today for religious services. The site is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a quiet retreat in the heart of the city.
• Saint Peter's Church (Sint-Pieterskerk): The Saint Peter's Church is a stunning example of Gothic architecture. Built between the 15th and 16th centuries, the church is known for its beautiful stained glass windows, intricate wooden altars, and the tower, which dominates the city skyline. The church is still active today and is an important place of worship.
• The National Playing Card Museum: Turnhout’s association with the card industry is reflected in the National Playing Card Museum, which showcases the history of playing cards in Belgium and worldwide. The museum offers insight into the design, production, and cultural significance of playing cards, a legacy that is still alive in the city today.
• The Turnhout Town Hall (Stadhuis): The Turnhout Town Hall is an elegant building located on the Grote Markt (Main Square). The neoclassical-style building features a clock tower and is an important part of the city’s central square. It serves as the administrative heart of the city.
• Schollebos: Schollebos is a large public park in Turnhout that is perfect for outdoor activities. It offers extensive walking and cycling paths, a small lake, and play areas for children. The park is a green haven for both locals and visitors, offering a peaceful escape from the city center.

Culture and Festivals

Turnhout hosts a variety of cultural events and festivals throughout the year, celebrating everything from its historical heritage to contemporary arts.

• Turnhout Carnival: The Turnhout Carnival is one of the city's largest and most anticipated annual events. The carnival is marked by a colorful parade, street performances, and festivities that bring the whole community together. The event is a celebration of Turnhout’s local culture, and it attracts people from the surrounding areas.
• Fête de la Musique: Held every year in June, the Fête de la Musique is a music festival that takes place throughout Turnhout. The city’s streets, parks, and squares come alive with performances by local and international musicians, offering a diverse range of musical genres.
• Turnhout Arts Festival: This annual festival brings together theater, dance, and visual arts performances. The festival showcases a variety of contemporary art forms and serves as a platform for both local and international artists.
• Christmas Market: During the holiday season, Turnhout’s Grote Markt transforms into a festive winter wonderland, hosting a Christmas market with holiday decorations, local crafts, and traditional food stalls. The market is an excellent place to shop for unique gifts and enjoy Belgian holiday treats.
• Play Card Festival: Given Turnhout’s strong ties to the playing card industry, the Play Card Festival celebrates the art of playing cards with exhibitions, workshops, and card game tournaments. It’s an exciting event for card enthusiasts and anyone interested in the history and craftsmanship behind playing cards.

Cuisine

Turnhout offers a variety of traditional Belgian dishes and regional specialties that reflect its Flemish heritage.

• Flemish Stew (Stoofvlees): Stoofvlees, or Flemish beef stew, is a hearty dish made with slow-cooked beef, onions, and Belgian beer. It is typically served with a side of crispy fries (frites).
• Moules-frites: Mussels, known locally as moules, are a popular dish in Turnhout. They are often served with fries and can be prepared in a variety of ways, such as in a white wine sauce, garlic, or cream-based sauces.
• Belgian Waffles: Turnhout, like the rest of Belgium, is famous for its waffles, which can be enjoyed with a range of toppings, including chocolate, whipped cream, and fresh fruit.
• Belgian Chocolate: The city also offers a variety of Belgian chocolate from local chocolatiers, which is a must-try when visiting. Chocolate lovers can find unique truffles, pralines, and chocolate bars that reflect the rich tradition of Belgian confectionery.
• Beer: Belgium is known worldwide for its variety of beers, and Turnhout is no exception. The city has several pubs and brewery taprooms where you can sample Belgian brews such as Trappist, Abbey, or Lambic styles.

Transportation

Turnhout is well-connected to Antwerp, Brussels, and Ghent, making it easy to access by various means of transport.

• By Train: Turnhout has a train station, which is part of the Belgian railway network. Trains connect Turnhout to larger cities like Antwerp, Brussels, and Ghent, as well as to Dutch cities near the border.
• By Car: The city is accessible via the E34 motorway, which connects it to Antwerp and the Dutch border. Turnhout is also connected by other regional roads, making it easy to drive to and from the city.
• Public Transport: The De Lijn bus service provides regular local transport throughout the city and the surrounding areas, offering convenient connections for visitors and residents.

Conclusion

Turnhout is a city that seamlessly blends its medieval past with modern developments. Known for its historic landmarks, cultural festivals, and important role in the playing card industry, Turnhout offers a unique mix of attractions for visitors. Whether exploring the Turnhout Castle, strolling through the Beguinage, or enjoying the local cuisine, the city provides a welcoming and enriching experience. With excellent transport links, rich history, and vibrant cultural life, Turnhout is a hidden gem in the heart of Flanders.