Old Fort at Constitution Hill | Johannesburg

Information

Landmark: Old Fort at Constitution Hill
City: Johannesburg
Country: South Africa
Continent: Africa

Old Fort at Constitution Hill, Johannesburg, South Africa, Africa

The Old Fort is a historical fortification located within Constitution Hill in Johannesburg, South Africa.

It served as a prison and military barracks during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Visual Characteristics

The Old Fort complex is constructed primarily from sandstone and brick. Structures include barracks, administrative buildings, and a central prison block. The architecture is functional and utilitarian, reflecting its military and penal purpose. Walls are thick, and window openings are typically small and barred.

Location & Access Logistics

The Old Fort is situated on Constitution Hill, accessible via Kotze Street and Empire Road in Johannesburg. It is approximately 3km west of the Johannesburg CBD. Limited visitor parking is available on Constitution Hill. Public transport options include various bus routes serving the Braamfontein area, with a walk of approximately 1km to the site.

Historical & Ecological Origin

Construction of the Old Fort began in 1896, commissioned by the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek (ZAR) government. It was designed to defend Johannesburg and house prisoners. The fort was later expanded and used by the British during the Anglo-Boer War and subsequently as a prison by the Union of South Africa and the apartheid regime.

Key Highlights & Activities

Visitors can explore the former prison cells, including the notorious Number Four prison. Guided tours are available, detailing the history of the fort and its role in South Africa's past. The site also houses the Constitutional Court of South Africa.

Infrastructure & Amenities

Restrooms are available on Constitution Hill. Shaded areas are present within the Constitution Hill precinct. Cell phone signal (4G/5G) is generally good. Food vendors and cafes are located within the Constitution Hill visitor center and surrounding Braamfontein area.

Best Time to Visit

The best time for photography is during the morning or late afternoon when the sun provides angled light on the sandstone structures. Weather is generally favorable for outdoor exploration between March and May (autumn) and September and November (spring). No specific tide requirements apply.

Facts & Legends

During its operation as a prison, Number Four held a diverse range of inmates, including political activists and ordinary criminals. A notable historical oddity is the presence of Mahatma Gandhi, who was imprisoned at the Old Fort multiple times for his activism.