Old Parliament House | Central Region

The Old Parliament House in Singapore is a historic building that has played a significant role in the development of the nation's political and parliamentary history. Located at 1 St. Andrew's Road, the building is one of the oldest in Singapore and has witnessed the transformation of the country from a British colony to a modern republic. Today, it is home to the The Arts House, a venue for the arts, culture, and various creative events.

1. Historical Background

Construction and Early Years: The Old Parliament House was constructed in 1827 during the British colonial period. Originally built as the Commerce House, the building served as the center for various government functions and commercial activities. It is one of the earliest examples of neo-classical architecture in Singapore, characterized by its columned façade and elegant design.

Parliamentary Role: In 1965, following Singapore's independence, the Commerce House was repurposed to become the Parliament House of the newly formed Republic of Singapore. It served as the official seat of the Singapore Parliament for several decades until the current Parliament House was built in 1999. The Old Parliament House played an essential role in the nation's political history, hosting legislative sessions and the swearing-in ceremonies of various key political figures.

Post-Parliamentary Use: After the Parliament moved to the new Parliament House in 1999, the Old Parliament House was preserved and repurposed as a venue for the arts. It became known as The Arts House, focusing on promoting the arts and culture in Singapore through various events, exhibitions, performances, and educational programs.

2. Architectural Features

The building's architecture is a remarkable example of neo-classical style, which was popular during the colonial era. Key features of the Old Parliament House include:

Facade and Columns: The building has a grand façade with Greek-style columns and large windows, which give it a stately and imposing appearance. The overall design exudes a sense of authority and formality, fitting for a building that once housed Singapore's government.

Facade Restoration: The building has undergone various renovations over the years to preserve its original charm while adapting to modern needs. Efforts have been made to restore and maintain the facade and key architectural elements, ensuring that the building’s historical significance is preserved.

Interior Design: Inside, the Old Parliament House features a blend of colonial and modern elements. The building houses spacious halls, galleries, and exhibition rooms that showcase a variety of art forms, including contemporary art installations, performances, and live events. Many of the rooms still reflect the building’s history as the seat of the nation's Parliament, with some preserved elements like the Chamber where parliamentary sessions took place.

3. Significant Events and Historical Moments

Independence and Legislative Milestones: The Old Parliament House witnessed several crucial moments in Singapore's history. It hosted Singapore's first parliamentary sessions after the country gained self-governance in 1959. The building was the site of significant legislative debates and decisions that helped shape the early political framework of modern Singapore.

Swearing-In of Leaders: Various key moments in Singapore's political history were also marked in the Old Parliament House, including the swearing-in of leaders such as Singapore’s first Prime Minister, Lee Kuan Yew, and other prominent figures. The building stands as a witness to the nation’s journey toward independence and its early years as a republic.

4. Transformation into The Arts House

In 1999, after the Singapore Parliament moved to the new Parliament House, the Old Parliament House underwent renovation to be transformed into The Arts House. The building was repurposed as a cultural venue to promote and showcase Singapore’s growing art scene, providing space for creative activities, exhibitions, performances, and events.

Arts House Functions: Today, the Old Parliament House, now called The Arts House, serves as a vibrant arts and cultural hub. It is a venue for various events including theatrical performances, literary readings, film screenings, musical concerts, art exhibitions, and more. It aims to foster a deeper connection with the arts and culture, both for local and international artists and audiences.

Collaborations and Festivals: The Arts House regularly hosts local and international festivals, including the Singapore Writers Festival, Singapore International Film Festival, and various performing arts showcases. It also provides a platform for emerging artists and groups to present their work to the public.

Public Engagement and Education: The Arts House organizes workshops, lectures, and educational programs aimed at engaging the public in artistic expression and creative learning. These programs help foster a deeper understanding and appreciation of the arts among all age groups.

5. Key Attractions within The Arts House

The Play Den: This is an intimate performance space within The Arts House, designed to host smaller, more experimental performances such as theatre, dance, and spoken word events. The venue encourages collaboration and creativity among performers and artists.

The Chamber: The former parliamentary chamber has been preserved, though it is no longer used for political debates. It now serves as a space for talks, discussions, and educational events related to politics, culture, and history. Visitors can experience the space where important decisions about Singapore’s future were made.

Galleries: The building houses art galleries that showcase a variety of visual arts, from contemporary exhibitions to more traditional art forms. The galleries host regular exhibitions featuring local and international artists, providing a platform for creativity and innovation.

Outdoor Courtyard: The Arts House also features an outdoor courtyard, which is used for events, art installations, and informal performances. It’s an open space where people can gather, relax, and enjoy art in a more casual setting.

6. Cultural and Public Engagement

The Arts House plays an important role in Singapore's cultural landscape by serving as a venue for public engagement. It invites diverse audiences to interact with art in meaningful ways, from observing performances to participating in workshops. By hosting a variety of cultural events, The Arts House creates opportunities for dialogue between the arts community and the public, encouraging a greater appreciation for the arts and culture in Singapore.

Collaborative Projects: The Arts House also hosts collaborative projects with other arts organizations, institutions, and community groups. These partnerships help foster a vibrant and interconnected arts ecosystem in Singapore, as well as promoting cultural exchange with international artists and institutions.

Public Accessibility: The Arts House is open to the public, and many of its exhibitions, performances, and events are free or available at low cost, making it accessible to a broad audience. The venue encourages families, students, and anyone interested in exploring the arts to visit and participate.

7. Conclusion

The Old Parliament House is an important historical landmark in Singapore, not only for its architectural significance but also for the role it played in the country’s development. Today, it stands as a testament to Singapore's rich history and its continuing commitment to the arts and culture. As The Arts House, it has successfully transitioned from a seat of political power to a vibrant cultural hub, providing a space for the celebration of artistic expression and public engagement. Whether you're interested in Singapore's history, enjoying a performance, or exploring contemporary art, the Old Parliament House remains a key part of the city’s identity.