Temple of the Winged Lions | Petra

Information

Landmark: Temple of the Winged Lions
City: Petra
Country: Jordan
Continent: Asia

Temple of the Winged Lions, Petra, Jordan, Asia

The Temple of the Winged Lions is a major Nabataean cultic complex situated on the northern slope of the Wadi Musa, directly across from the Great Temple in Petra. It served as a primary religious center dedicated to the supreme Nabataean goddess, likely Al-Uzza.

Visual Characteristics

The temple features a massive cella (inner sanctuary) surrounded by a forest of columns, unique for their capitals adorned with the carved figures of winged lions. The structure was originally finished with brightly colored plaster, marble cladding, and intricate stucco reliefs. Its elevated position is marked by a monumental entrance and a large forecourt designed to handle ceremonial processions.

Location & Access Logistics

The site is located 3.2 kilometers from the Petra Visitor Center. From the Colonnaded Street, visitors must cross the wadi bed and ascend the northern ridge via a path located near the Byzantine Church. Access is strictly pedestrian; the walk from the main valley floor involves a 200-meter uphill climb on uneven stone and gravel.

Historical & Ecological Origin

Constructed in approximately 27 AD during the reign of King Aretas IV, the temple was built to honor the divine feminine in the Nabataean pantheon. The building utilized local sandstone for its core and imported limestone for decorative elements. It was completely destroyed by a massive earthquake in 363 AD, which caused the columns and roof to collapse inward, effectively sealing the interior until modern excavation.

Key Highlights & Activities

Visitors can observe the specialized "winged lion" capitals, which have been moved to ground level for closer inspection. The site provides a clear view of the complex water management systems used to supply the temple's residential and workshop wings. The northern ridge location offers a panoramic perspective of the Qasr al-Bint and the Great Temple across the valley.

Infrastructure & Amenities

The site is an open excavation area with no permanent shade or overhead cover. No vendors or restrooms are located on this specific ridge; the nearest facilities are 300 meters away at the Basin area or 500 meters back at the Theater. 4G cellular signal is reliable due to the site's high, unobstructed location.

Best Time to Visit

Photography is optimal in the early morning (07:00–09:00) when the low sun angle defines the textures of the remaining column bases and the surrounding mountain ridges. The site is less crowded than the central valley, making it a viable alternative during peak hours.

Facts & Legends

Excavations at the temple revealed a specialized "workshop" wing where artisans produced cult figurines and incense burners, suggesting the temple was a self-sustaining economic entity as well as a religious one. A distinct "Eye-Idol" stone was found here, representing the goddess in a characteristically Nabataean abstract style.