Ambergris Caye | San Pedro

Ambergris Caye is the largest island in Belize, located off the northeastern coast of the country in the Caribbean Sea. It is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Belize, known for its stunning beaches, vibrant coral reefs, and laid-back atmosphere. Ambergris Caye is often considered a paradise for divers, snorkelers, and beach lovers, offering access to some of the best marine life and water activities in the region.

Here’s a detailed overview of Ambergris Caye:

Geography and Climate

Ambergris Caye is approximately 25 miles (40 km) long and 5 miles (8 km) wide, making it the largest island in Belize. It is located about 36 miles (58 km) from the mainland, with its nearest point being Belize City. The island is part of the Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System, which has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The barrier reef lies just offshore, making it easily accessible for water activities.

• Climate: Ambergris Caye has a tropical climate with warm temperatures year-round. The wet season lasts from June to November, while the dry season runs from December to May. Average temperatures typically range from 75°F (24°C) in the cooler months to 85°F (29°C) during the hotter months. The island is also susceptible to hurricanes during the hurricane season, though its location helps protect it from the worst of the storms.

History

Ambergris Caye’s history dates back to the time of the Maya civilization, who used the island as a base for trade and fishing. The island was largely uninhabited for centuries after the decline of the Maya, until Spanish explorers arrived in the 16th century. It was later claimed by the British in the 18th century and became an important site for the logging industry, especially for logwood and mahogany.

Early Settlers: The island's first permanent settlers were Caucasian fishermen and Cuban settlers, who used Ambergris Caye as a base for fishing and diving. Over time, Spanish-speaking Mestizos and Creoles moved to the island, and today, the island's population is a mix of Mestizos, Creoles, Garifuna, and expats from various countries.

Modern Development: The tourism industry began to develop on Ambergris Caye in the latter half of the 20th century, particularly after the construction of an airstrip in the 1970s. Over time, the island transformed from a quiet fishing village into a vibrant tourist destination.

Culture and Demographics

Ambergris Caye has a population of around 20,000 people, with San Pedro Town being the island’s main settlement. The town is lively and offers a mix of local and international cultures. The population is primarily made up of Mestizos, Creoles, and expats, with Spanish and English being the primary languages spoken. Maya and Garifuna influences can also be felt, particularly through music, food, and local customs.

• Festivals and Events: The island celebrates several cultural festivals, including Carnival, Garifuna Settlement Day, and Independence Day, each of which showcases local music, dancing, and food. The San Pedro Lobster Festival in June is particularly popular, drawing tourists to enjoy fresh lobster, music, and cultural events.

Key Landmarks and Attractions

The Belize Barrier Reef

• The Belize Barrier Reef is one of the largest and most biodiverse coral reef systems in the world. It stretches along the coast of Ambergris Caye and is home to a wide variety of marine life, including sharks, rays, turtles, and vibrant tropical fish. It’s a UNESCO World Heritage Site and offers some of the best scuba diving and snorkeling experiences in the world.

Hol Chan Marine Reserve

• Located just south of Ambergris Caye, the Hol Chan Marine Reserve is one of Belize’s most famous underwater ecosystems. The reserve is home to diverse coral gardens, marine life, and shark and ray alley, where visitors can snorkel or dive alongside nurse sharks and rays in clear, shallow waters.

Shark Ray Alley

• Located within the Hol Chan Marine Reserve, Shark Ray Alley is a must-visit spot for snorkelers and divers. It’s famous for the opportunity to swim with nurse sharks and Southern stingrays in a safe and controlled environment. The experience is thrilling and an unforgettable highlight of any Ambergris Caye visit.

The Blue Hole

• The Great Blue Hole is one of the most famous dive sites in the world, located off the coast of Lighthouse Reef atoll, about 60 miles (96 km) from Ambergris Caye. This massive underwater sinkhole is over 1,000 feet (305 meters) wide and 400 feet (122 meters) deep. It’s a UNESCO World Heritage Site and attracts divers from around the world to explore its crystal-clear waters and diverse marine life.

Ambergris Caye Beaches

• The island offers a variety of beaches, most of which are located near San Pedro Town. The beaches are ideal for relaxing, swimming, and enjoying the tropical sun. While the coastline can be rocky in some areas, there are plenty of places with soft sand and calm waters. Popular beaches include Secret Beach, Mexico Rocks, and Boca del Rio.

Caye Caulker

• Just a short boat ride from Ambergris Caye, Caye Caulker is another idyllic island in the Belize Barrier Reef. The island has a more laid-back, relaxed atmosphere compared to Ambergris Caye and is popular for its snorkeling, diving, and the Split, a natural waterway perfect for swimming and lounging.

Maya Ruins of Ambergris Caye

• Ambergris Caye was once inhabited by the Maya, and there are several Maya ruins on the island. The Marco Gonzalez Maya Site is the most notable, and while it is smaller than other ruins in Belize, it offers insight into the island’s ancient history.

San Pedro Town

• San Pedro is the main town on Ambergris Caye and offers a variety of local shops, markets, and restaurants. Visitors can explore its colorful buildings, take in the local culture, and enjoy fresh seafood and traditional Belizean dishes. The town is also home to numerous bars and nightlife spots for those looking to unwind.

Secret Beach

• Located on the western side of the island, Secret Beach is a more secluded and tranquil spot compared to other beaches on Ambergris Caye. Known for its clear water and peaceful ambiance, it is an excellent location for swimming, kayaking, and enjoying the natural beauty of the island.

The Hol Chan Marine Reserve

• A well-preserved natural area, the Hol Chan Marine Reserve is a protected marine environment located south of Ambergris Caye. It’s popular for snorkeling, scuba diving, and wildlife viewing, including the chance to swim with manatees, sea turtles, and a variety of tropical fish species.

Economy

The economy of Ambergris Caye is primarily driven by tourism, with the island being one of the top destinations in Belize for scuba diving, snorkeling, and eco-tourism. The island has a thriving hospitality industry, with numerous hotels, resorts, and restaurants catering to international tourists. Fishing is another significant economic activity, both for commercial purposes and as a sport for tourists. Real estate is also a growing industry, with many expats purchasing properties for long-term stays or vacation homes.

Transportation

• By Air: Ambergris Caye is served by the San Pedro Airstrip, with daily flights from Philip S.W. Goldson International Airport in Belize City. Several small airlines operate flights to and from the island.
• By Boat: There are regular ferry services from Belize City to Ambergris Caye, with boat rides taking about 1.5 hours. Private boats are also available.
• Golf Carts: The primary mode of transport on the island is by golf carts, which are used by locals and tourists alike to navigate the narrow streets and roads of San Pedro.

Conclusion

Ambergris Caye is a tropical paradise offering a mix of adventure, relaxation, and natural beauty. Whether you’re diving into the crystal-clear waters of the Blue Hole, snorkeling with sharks and rays at Shark Ray Alley, or simply relaxing on the white sandy beaches, Ambergris Caye provides an unforgettable experience for travelers seeking both excitement and tranquility.