Ankara Castle | Ankara

Ankara Castle (Ankara Kalesi), located in the heart of Turkey's capital, Ankara, is one of the city's most iconic landmarks. This historical site offers an extraordinary blend of ancient architecture, scenic views, and rich history. Here's a detailed look at Ankara Castle:

History

Origins: The exact date of the castle’s construction is uncertain, but it is believed to have been initially built by the Phrygians around the 2nd century BC, possibly on the site of an older fortification. Over time, the castle was expanded and modified by different civilizations, including the Romans, Byzantines, and Seljuks. The Ottomans also made significant contributions to the structure, particularly during the 14th and 15th centuries.

Phrygians and Romans: The first structures are believed to be Phrygian, with some Roman influence. Its strategic location on a hill was ideal for defense, offering views over the surrounding area.

Ottoman Period: The Ottomans made significant changes to the castle, using it for military purposes during their reign. Its fortifications were reinforced, making it an important part of Ankara’s defense.

Modern Times: Today, Ankara Castle stands as a symbol of the city’s long history, reflecting the layers of civilizations that have shaped the region.

Architecture and Features

The Walls: The castle is known for its impressive defensive walls, which are made of limestone and other materials. The exterior walls of the castle have been fortified, and there are several gates and towers. The design allows for natural surveillance of the surrounding areas, which was essential for defense.

The Towers: There are multiple watchtowers spread across the castle. Some of the towers are particularly well-preserved, offering panoramic views of the city below. The towers are constructed with large stones, many of which were recycled from earlier ruins and monuments from various historical periods.

The Citadel: The inner part of the castle, known as the citadel, contains the more residential and strategic areas. Over the years, these buildings have been used for military purposes, housing, and administrative functions.

Gates and Entrances: The castle has several gates, but the main entrance is a large gate on the west side, which has been rebuilt and reinforced over time. The entrance often leads visitors into a narrow, winding street that takes them through the historic district of Ankara.

Inner and Outer Walls: The outer walls of the castle provide the initial line of defense, while the inner walls house residential structures, administrative buildings, and other features. The inner walls also contain numerous stairways that lead to different levels of the castle.

The Surrounding Area

The Old City (Hisar District): The castle is located in Ankara’s old town, known as the Hisar District. This area is filled with narrow, cobblestone streets, traditional Turkish houses, and historic buildings. Many of these structures date back to the Ottoman period and earlier. The old town provides a fascinating glimpse into the ancient past of Ankara.

Panoramic Views: The castle is perched on a hill, so from the top, you can enjoy breathtaking views of Ankara. The cityscape includes the Ankara skyline, the modern downtown area, and the surrounding valleys and hills. The view is especially beautiful at sunset when the golden light illuminates the city.

Restored Houses and Shops: As you walk around the area near the castle, you’ll find many restored Ottoman-style houses and small shops. These shops sell souvenirs, local crafts, and antiques. It’s an ideal place to experience the local culture and lifestyle.

Access and Visitor Experience

Opening Hours: Ankara Castle is generally open to visitors year-round, though hours can vary depending on the season and any special events. It is recommended to check the local schedule before visiting.

Entry Fees: There is a small fee for entry to the castle itself, though access to the surrounding area is free.

Walking Around the Castle: Visitors can freely explore the castle's open areas, climb the towers, and wander through its narrow pathways. There are informative plaques detailing the history of the site, and guided tours are also available.

Restaurants and Cafes: Near the castle, there are several cafes and restaurants offering traditional Turkish food. Many of these establishments take advantage of the spectacular views, providing a relaxing environment to enjoy local cuisine.

Cultural Significance

Historical Layers: The castle is a vivid example of Ankara's historical evolution, embodying the city’s transition from a Phrygian settlement to a Roman, Byzantine, Seljuk, and Ottoman stronghold. The layers of history make it a fascinating site for visitors interested in Turkey's deep past.

Tourism: Ankara Castle is one of the top attractions in Ankara, attracting tourists and locals alike. It offers a unique way to connect with the city’s past while enjoying stunning views of modern-day Ankara.

Preservation Efforts: There have been ongoing restoration efforts to preserve the castle and its surroundings. These projects aim to maintain the site's historical integrity while improving access for tourists.

Nearby Attractions

Haci Bayram Mosque: Not far from the castle is the Haci Bayram Mosque, an important religious site in Ankara. It’s worth visiting alongside the castle, as it provides insight into the city’s Ottoman heritage.

Roman Temple of Augustus: Close to the castle, this ancient site is another testament to Ankara's Roman past.

Ankara Museum of Civilizations: A short distance away, this museum houses artifacts from ancient Anatolia, including items from the Phrygian, Hellenistic, and Roman periods.

Conclusion

Ankara Castle stands as a symbol of the city’s rich cultural and historical heritage. Its position as both a military stronghold and a central piece of the city’s layout makes it a unique destination. Whether you’re a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or simply looking for an amazing view of Ankara, the castle offers something for everyone.