Buffalo Springs National Reserve | Isiolo

Buffalo Springs National Reserve is a beautiful and diverse conservation area located in Isiolo County, northern Kenya. The reserve is known for its unique blend of semi-arid landscapes, rich wildlife, and beautiful riverine ecosystems. It offers visitors a chance to experience Kenya’s iconic wildlife in a more secluded and tranquil setting compared to the more popular national parks and reserves in the country.

Location and Geography

Geographical Position: Buffalo Springs is situated just south of the Ewaso Nyiro River, which forms a natural boundary separating it from the Samburu National Reserve to the north. The reserve covers an area of 131 square kilometers, providing ample space for wildlife to thrive.

Proximity: The reserve is approximately 355 km north of Nairobi, making it a 5-6 hour drive from the capital. The nearest town is Isiolo, which is about 17 km from the entrance of the reserve. It's also easily accessible by road from other nearby attractions like Samburu National Reserve and Shaba National Reserve, forming part of a broader wildlife circuit.

History and Conservation

Buffalo Springs National Reserve was established in 1948 as part of an effort to protect and conserve the wildlife of northern Kenya. Its proximity to other important reserves in the region, such as Samburu and Shaba, forms a crucial part of the wildlife corridor for species that roam the broader ecosystem. The reserve is named after a natural spring called Buffalo Springs located at the western end of the reserve, where animals and birds gather around the water source.

Wildlife and Biodiversity

The reserve is home to a variety of species, both common and rare. The diverse ecosystems – ranging from riverine forests to open savannah and acacia bushlands – support a large number of animals and birds.

Mammals:

Elephants: The reserve is home to large herds of elephants, often seen along the Ewaso Nyiro River.

Lions: Lions, along with other big cats like leopards and cheetahs, roam the reserve.

Giraffes: The reticulated giraffe, with its distinct coat pattern, is a signature species in this region.

Grevy’s Zebra: This rare zebra species is found in Buffalo Springs and is critically endangered.

Buffaloes: The reserve is named after these large herbivores, and they can be seen grazing in open grasslands.

Crocodiles: The Ewaso Nyiro River also hosts Nile crocodiles, especially around the riverbanks.

Birdlife:

With over 390 bird species recorded in the reserve, birdwatchers can enjoy sightings of the Somali ostrich, Egyptian vulture, and many different species of hornbills and sunbirds.

Reptiles and Amphibians:

Apart from crocodiles, various species of lizards, tortoises, and amphibians can be found, especially near the water.

Flora and Landscape

The reserve is home to a variety of vegetation types, each supporting different species of animals:

Savannah Grasslands: The bulk of Buffalo Springs consists of semi-arid open grasslands that are dotted with acacia and other bushland species. These areas are rich in grazing animals and predators that follow them.

Riverine Forests: Along the Ewaso Nyiro River, there are patches of riverine forests, with dense vegetation, palm trees, and tall acacia trees. These areas are crucial for wildlife during the dry season as they provide both water and shade.

Oasis: The spring at the western end of the reserve provides a natural oasis for wildlife, particularly during the dry season. This spring feeds into the river, attracting a variety of animals and birds.

Tourist Activities and Experiences

Buffalo Springs National Reserve offers a range of activities for visitors, from safari drives to cultural experiences.

Game Drives: The main attraction is the game drive, where visitors can explore the reserve in search of wildlife. The best time for game drives is in the early morning or late afternoon when animals are most active.

Bird Watching: With its diverse habitats, Buffalo Springs is a birdwatcher’s paradise. Visitors can spot a variety of bird species along the riverbanks and in the open savannah.

Cultural Tours: The Samburu people, who live in the surrounding areas, offer cultural experiences where visitors can learn about their traditions, lifestyles, and customs. Many lodges and camps arrange visits to local Samburu villages.

Walking Safaris: For those seeking a more intimate experience with nature, walking safaris are available. These guided safaris provide a unique opportunity to explore the flora and fauna of the reserve up close.

Photography: The stunning landscapes and abundant wildlife offer excellent opportunities for both amateur and professional photographers. The light during the early morning and evening creates the perfect conditions for wildlife photography.

Accommodation Options

While there are no lodges directly inside Buffalo Springs Reserve itself, there are several accommodation options in and around the nearby town of Isiolo, as well as within neighboring reserves.

Samburu Simba Lodge: Located on the edge of the reserve, this lodge offers comfortable accommodation with views of the Ewaso Nyiro River.

Ashnil Samburu Camp: Situated near the Samburu National Reserve, this luxury tented camp offers a premium experience with modern amenities.

Sarova Shaba Game Lodge: Just a short distance from Buffalo Springs, this lodge offers upscale accommodations and is located in the Shaba Reserve.

Local Guesthouses: For a more budget-friendly option, there are guesthouses in Isiolo and along the route to the reserve.

Climate and Best Time to Visit

Climate: Buffalo Springs experiences a semi-arid climate. It is hot and dry for most of the year, with temperatures reaching 30-35°C (86-95°F). The rainy season typically occurs between April and June, and again in November to December. The dry season, from July to October, is the best time to visit as animals congregate around water sources, making wildlife viewing easier.

Best Time to Visit: The dry season (June to October) is the optimal period for a visit. During this time, the reserve sees fewer rains, and the wildlife tends to gather around the springs and rivers, making it easier to spot animals.

Getting There

By Road: Buffalo Springs is about a 5-6 hour drive from Nairobi (355 km). The road is tarmacked all the way up to Isiolo, after which it's a short distance to the entrance to the reserve.

By Air: There are daily flights from Wilson Airport in Nairobi to Isiolo Airport. From Isiolo, it's a short drive to the reserve.

Visitor Tips

Safety: While Buffalo Springs is generally safe, it's important to stay within the designated areas, especially when walking or exploring the reserve.

Guides: Hiring a local guide can greatly enhance your experience, as they can share insights about the reserve's wildlife, ecosystems, and conservation efforts.

Pack Essentials: Bring plenty of water, sunscreen, a hat, and binoculars for bird watching.

Conclusion

Buffalo Springs National Reserve is a remarkable destination for those looking to experience the untamed beauty of Kenya’s northern wilderness. Whether you're a wildlife enthusiast, a photographer, or simply looking for a serene place to explore, Buffalo Springs offers an unforgettable experience with its stunning landscapes, diverse wildlife, and cultural richness.