Omeriye Mosque | Nicosia

The Omeriye Mosque is a significant historical and religious landmark located in the heart of Nicosia, the capital of Cyprus. It holds a special place in both the religious and cultural history of the island, particularly due to its unique origins and transformation over the centuries.

History and Background

The Omeriye Mosque was originally built as a Christian church dedicated to Saint Mary in the 13th century during the Lusignan rule of Cyprus. It was known as Saint Mary Church (or Chiesa di Santa Maria) and was an important religious site for the Roman Catholic community in Cyprus.

However, the mosque’s history took a significant turn after the Ottoman Empire conquered Cyprus in 1571. Following the conquest, many of the Christian churches on the island were converted into mosques, and the Church of Saint Mary was no exception. The church was subsequently transformed into the Omeriye Mosque, named after Omer Pasha, the Ottoman official who is believed to have ordered its conversion.

Architecture

The architecture of the Omeriye Mosque is an intriguing blend of Gothic and Ottoman styles, reflecting its origins as a medieval Christian church and its later transformation into a mosque. Key features of the building include:

Gothic Elements: As a former church, the structure retains several distinct Gothic features, such as pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and large windows. The exterior still shows elements of the original medieval church design, including remnants of Gothic stonework.

Ottoman Modifications: After its conversion into a mosque, the building was modified to suit Islamic worship. These modifications include the addition of a minaret for the call to prayer, a mihrab (a niche indicating the direction of Mecca), and a mimbar (a pulpit for sermons). The mosque’s interior is more in line with traditional Ottoman mosque design, including the use of Islamic decorative motifs and calligraphy.

Twin Bell Towers: One of the most distinctive features of the Omeriye Mosque is its twin bell towers, which are unusual for a mosque. These towers are remnants of the original church design, adding a unique element to the structure. They stand as a testament to the building’s transition from a Christian place of worship to a Muslim one.

Significance

The Omeriye Mosque is important not only for its architectural features but also for its cultural and religious significance:

Religious Symbolism: The mosque serves as a symbol of the religious coexistence and the complex history of Cyprus. Its transformation from a Christian church to a mosque reflects the island’s changing political and religious landscape, particularly during the Ottoman era.

Historical Landmark: The mosque is also a key historical landmark in Nicosia, representing the Ottoman influence on Cyprus after the conquest in the late 16th century. It provides insight into the Islamic heritage of the island, as well as its Christian past.

Tourist Attraction: The Omeriye Mosque is an important stop for visitors to Nicosia, particularly those interested in the island's religious and cultural history. It stands as a testament to the island's layered past, showcasing both Byzantine and Ottoman influences. The mosque is also a place of active worship for the local Muslim community.

Location and Accessibility

The Omeriye Mosque is located in the Old City of Nicosia, near the city’s historic walls. It is easily accessible from other key landmarks in the city, such as Ledra Street and the Venetian Walls, making it a central point of interest for tourists exploring the capital’s historical and religious sites.

Address: The mosque is situated in the heart of Nicosia’s old town, in close proximity to the Lefkosa Gate (also known as the Kyrenia Gate), which is one of the prominent Venetian gates of Nicosia’s fortifications.

Visiting Hours: The Omeriye Mosque is generally open to visitors during prayer times for those interested in experiencing the site as a place of worship. It is also open to tourists outside of prayer times, although it is advisable to check for any changes to visiting hours, especially during religious holidays or special events.

Accessibility: The mosque is located in a pedestrian-friendly area of Nicosia, making it easy to access on foot. There is public transport available, but visitors can also reach the mosque by walking from nearby attractions.

Cultural and Educational Role

The Omeriye Mosque plays a role in the cultural life of Nicosia, not only as a religious center but also as an educational and historical point of interest. It hosts events and activities that explore the religious and cultural heritage of Cyprus, fostering understanding between different communities on the island.

Conclusion

The Omeriye Mosque stands as a fascinating historical and architectural monument in Nicosia, reflecting Cyprus's diverse religious and cultural history. Its transformation from a Catholic church to a mosque encapsulates the island's complex past, and its unique blend of Gothic and Ottoman styles makes it a standout building in the city's old town. For those visiting Nicosia, the Omeriye Mosque offers a window into the religious and cultural evolution of Cyprus, making it an essential stop for anyone interested in the island's rich history.