Perge Ancient City | Antalya

Perge Ancient City is one of the most important and well-preserved archaeological sites in Turkey. Located near Antalya, in the Turkish Mediterranean region, Perge was once a prosperous ancient city of the Pamphylia region, known for its grand architecture, impressive ruins, and fascinating history. The city’s ruins provide a glimpse into the ancient world, offering visitors a chance to explore its Roman, Hellenistic, and early Byzantine heritage.

History of Perge:

Founded: Perge was founded around the 3rd century BC by Greek colonists. It flourished under the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine periods.

Strategic Importance: Perge was an important city due to its strategic location along ancient trade routes. It was part of the Pamphylia region, which is now part of modern-day Turkey.

The city became particularly prosperous under Roman rule, and it is mentioned in ancient texts, including the writings of St. Paul. It became one of the most significant cities in the region during Roman times.

The city gradually declined during the Byzantine period and was eventually abandoned by the 12th century, likely due to invasions and earthquakes.

Key Features of Perge Ancient City:

1. The Entrance and Roman Gate:

Visitors enter the ancient city through the Roman Gate, one of the most iconic features of Perge. The gate is flanked by two towers and is an impressive example of Roman architecture. It once served as the main entrance to the city.

The Roman Gate's structure is remarkably well-preserved, and it offers a striking view of the city as you enter.

2. The Agora (Market Square):

The Agora, or market square, was the heart of public life in ancient Perge. It was a large, open space where merchants, citizens, and officials gathered.

The site is surrounded by columns and the remains of various temples and basilicas. The Agora is an important part of the city and offers a glimpse into the social and commercial activities of the time.

3. The Theater:

One of the standout features of Perge is its ancient theater, which could seat around 14,000 spectators. The theater was a typical Roman structure, built with stone and marble, and is one of the largest of its kind in the region.

The stage and seating sections are well-preserved, and the theater offers an incredible view of the surrounding area. The structure was used for performances, gladiatorial contests, and other public events.

4. The Stadium:

The stadium of Perge is another remarkable structure, measuring about 230 meters (755 feet) long and 34 meters (112 feet) wide. It could hold up to 12,000 spectators and was used for various athletic competitions and public events, including the famous ancient Panhellenic Games.

The remains of the entrance arch, seating arrangements, and track can still be seen today, providing a sense of the grandeur of ancient athletic events.

5. The Colonnaded Street:

The Colonnaded Street is one of the main thoroughfares of the ancient city. The street is lined with columns on both sides and stretches for more than 1,000 meters (3,280 feet). It was once a busy commercial and social hub, and today visitors can walk along the street, imagining how it would have appeared in ancient times.

The street also features the remains of shops and public buildings, and its columns are still largely intact, adding to the street's charm.

6. The Nymphaeum:

The Nymphaeum is a large monumental fountain, dedicated to the nymphs, the mythological spirits of water. This structure was used to supply the city with water, and it was one of the most elaborate fountains in the Roman world.

The Nymphaeum at Perge is beautifully preserved, and the ruins of the water channels and decorative sculptures can still be seen.

7. The Baths:

The Roman Baths of Perge are another significant feature. They were part of the typical Roman urban experience and provided spaces for relaxation, bathing, and socializing.

The remains of the heated rooms, changing rooms, and furnaces are still visible, and visitors can learn about the advanced technology used by the Romans to heat the baths.

8. The Temple of Artemis:

The Temple of Artemis is one of the most important religious sites in Perge. It was dedicated to Artemis, the goddess of the hunt, and it was a central part of the city's spiritual life.

Only the foundations of the temple remain today, but it’s clear that the building was large and impressive. The site is a key element in understanding the religious practices of the people of Perge.

9. The City Walls:

The remains of the ancient city’s walls are still visible around Perge, offering insight into the defensive structures of the city. The walls were built to protect the city from invasions and external threats, and they were reinforced during the Roman period.

Parts of the walls include watchtowers and gates, giving visitors a sense of the city’s fortifications.

Additional Attractions:

10. The Museum:

The Perge Museum is located near the archaeological site and houses many artifacts from the ancient city, including statues, mosaics, and inscriptions. These artifacts offer a deeper understanding of the daily life, art, and culture of the people who lived in Perge.

Some of the most famous items in the museum include the statue of Artemis, ancient coins, and Hellenistic and Roman sculptures.

11. The Hellenistic Gate:

Another important gate in the city is the Hellenistic Gate, which dates back to the time when the city was under the influence of Hellenistic rulers. This gate, though smaller than the Roman Gate, is still a key part of the city’s historical architecture.

How to Get There:

Location: Perge is located around 17 kilometers (10.5 miles) east of Antalya, near the town of Aksu. It is easily accessible by car, taxi, or guided tour from Antalya.

Public Transport: There are also local buses that run from the city center of Antalya to the site, making it accessible to those relying on public transport.

Best Time to Visit:

The best time to visit Perge is during the spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November) months when the weather is mild and pleasant, and the crowds are fewer.

The summer months (July and August) can be hot, especially with the exposed ruins, so visiting early in the morning or late in the afternoon is recommended.

Conclusion:

Perge Ancient City is a remarkable destination for history and archaeology enthusiasts. The site offers a fascinating glimpse into the life of an ancient city through its impressive ruins, including a Roman theater, stadium, temples, and public baths. Visitors can explore well-preserved monuments and gain insight into the daily life, culture, and architectural achievements of the ancient inhabitants of the city. With its rich history, stunning ruins, and easy access from Antalya, Perge is a must-visit site for anyone exploring the ancient history of Turkey.