Hanging Church | Cairo

The Hanging Church, officially known as Saint Virgin Mary's Coptic Orthodox Church, is one of the most famous and significant churches in Egypt. Located in Old Cairo, it is one of the oldest churches in the country, dating back to at least the 3rd century AD. It is called the Hanging Church (El Muallaqa in Arabic) because it was built above a gatehouse of the Babylon Fortress, giving it a suspended appearance.

Historical Background

The church was originally built in the 3rd century AD and underwent multiple restorations and reconstructions over the centuries. It became particularly important between the 7th and 13th centuries when it served as the seat of the Coptic Orthodox Patriarch. This made it a central location for Coptic Christianity in Egypt.

The Hanging Church has been a witness to many historical events, including religious conflicts and renovations by different rulers. Many of Egypt’s Coptic patriarchs were enthroned in this church, emphasizing its religious significance.

Architectural Features

The Hanging Church is known for its unique architectural design. Built primarily of stone and wood, it reflects both Coptic and Byzantine influences.

Suspended Structure – The church is built on the southern gatehouse of the Babylon Fortress, creating the illusion that it is hanging above the ground. Beneath the wooden floor, visitors can see the fortress’ ancient stone foundations.

Nave and Interior – The church is 27 meters long, 18 meters wide, and 9.5 meters high. It consists of a nave and two aisles, separated by 13 marble columns, which are believed to symbolize Jesus and his 12 disciples. One black column represents Judas Iscariot, and one grey column symbolizes doubting Thomas.

Coptic Art and Icons – The church houses over 110 icons, the most famous being the "Coptic Mona Lisa", a depiction of the Virgin Mary and Jesus. These icons date back to the 8th to 13th centuries and showcase Coptic and Byzantine artistic styles.

Wooden Ceiling – The ceiling is designed like an inverted ark (Noah’s Ark), representing salvation through Christianity.

Pulpit – The Hanging Church has a beautiful pulpit made of marble, supported by 13 columns, reflecting Christ and his disciples.

Religious and Cultural Importance

The Hanging Church remains one of the most important Coptic Orthodox churches in Egypt.

It was the residence of the Coptic Patriarch for centuries.

Many Coptic popes and leaders were appointed and enthroned in this church.

The church is still active today, holding regular Coptic Orthodox services and attracting thousands of visitors.

Restoration and Preservation

The Hanging Church has undergone numerous restorations over the centuries, with major ones occurring in the 10th, 13th, and 20th centuries. Because of its historical and architectural significance, the Egyptian government and the Coptic Orthodox Church work to preserve it.

Today, the Hanging Church is one of the most visited Christian sites in Egypt, drawing tourists, pilgrims, and historians. It remains a symbol of Egypt’s rich Christian heritage, standing as a testament to the endurance of Coptic Christianity.