Lankaran Fortress | Lankaran

History

Lankaran Fortress, also called Lankaran Castle, dates back to the 18th century during the Talysh Khanate. It was constructed as a defensive stronghold to protect the city and surrounding settlements from regional invasions, serving both military and administrative purposes. The fortress symbolized the khan’s authority in southeastern Azerbaijan and played a crucial role in local defense strategies.

Architecture

The fortress is built from reddish-brown limestone and clay bricks, giving it a warm, earthy appearance. Its high, thick walls were originally reinforced with several watchtowers at corners and along the perimeter for surveillance and defense. Inside, defensive passages, barracks, and storage rooms remain, showing how soldiers organized daily life and military operations. Low-arched gateways and storage niches hint at the practical needs of the fortress, such as storing weapons and supplies.

Visitor Experience

Walking along the fortress walls offers panoramic views of Lankaran. To the west, the Talysh Mountains rise with dense forests, while the fertile plains and citrus and tea plantations stretch below. To the east, the Caspian Sea glimmers on the horizon. The reddish stone of the walls takes on a glowing hue during sunrise and sunset, making the site particularly photogenic.

Atmosphere and Surroundings

Despite being partially ruined, the fortress retains a quiet, contemplative atmosphere. Birds often circle overhead, and small gardens along the walls add touches of greenery. The combination of historical architecture, scenic views, and peaceful surroundings allows visitors to imagine life in the fortress during the khanate era.

Significance

Lankaran Fortress is more than a historical relic; it is a symbol of the city’s heritage and a tangible link to Azerbaijan’s feudal past. It offers insight into 18th-century military architecture while also serving as a vantage point to appreciate the city’s unique geographical setting between the Caspian Sea and the Talysh Mountains.