Wesselman Woods Nature Preserve | Evansville

Wesselman Woods Nature Preserve, situated in Evansville, Indiana, is a remarkable 240-acre natural sanctuary renowned as the largest tract of virgin old-growth forest located within the city limits of any urban area in the United States. It holds the prestigious designations of both a National Natural Landmark and an Indiana State Nature Preserve, underscoring its critical importance in preserving native ecosystems that predate European settlement in Southern Indiana.

Ecological and Environmental Importance

The preserve is primarily composed of approximately 190 acres of virgin bottomland hardwood forest, a rare ecosystem that has remained largely untouched for centuries. This forest is dominated by towering mature trees, many of which are hundreds of years old, representing a living archive of Indiana’s natural heritage. Species found here include:

Tulip Poplar: Some specimens reach extraordinary sizes, such as one measuring 166 feet in height with a 14.4-foot circumference, making it one of the tallest trees in the region.

Sweetgum, Sugar Maple, Shumard Oak, Green Ash: These hardwoods create a diverse canopy that supports a complex web of flora and fauna.

The preserve boasts 24 state champion trees and two county champion trees, which are recognized as the largest specimens of their species in Indiana.

The forest provides critical habitat for wildlife such as white-tailed deer, gray foxes, coyotes, raccoons, and squirrels. It also supports a rich bird population, including woodpeckers, owls, and other forest-dependent species, making it a favored spot for birdwatching and ecological study.

Trails and Visitor Access

Wesselman Woods offers over five miles of hiking trails that wind through the dense old-growth forest, wetlands, and natural landscapes. The trails are primarily mulched paths and wooden boardwalks that navigate through the uneven terrain typical of a mature forest ecosystem. After periods of rain, some trails can be muddy or soggy, adding to the natural experience but potentially posing challenges for some visitors.

To improve accessibility, the preserve has invested in upgrades including concrete pathways and boardwalks with handrails, making key sections more navigable for visitors with mobility concerns, including those using wheelchairs or strollers. However, due to the preserve's natural terrain, full accessibility throughout all trails is limited.

Nature Playscape and Educational Features

In 2018, the preserve expanded its family-friendly offerings with the addition of the Welborn Baptist Foundation Nature Playscape, a five-acre natural play area designed specifically for children to interact with nature in a safe and creative environment. This playscape uses natural materials such as logs, rocks, native plants, and water features to encourage unstructured play, fostering a deeper connection with the environment.

Key elements include:

The Arwood Family Treehouse, a multi-level wooden structure for climbing and exploration.

The Bernhardt Family Bird Sanctuary, a habitat area designed to support native bird species and provide educational opportunities about bird ecology.

This playscape encourages environmental stewardship among young visitors and provides families with engaging ways to experience the outdoors together.

Howell Wetlands

In addition to the main forested preserve, the Wesselman Nature Society manages the Howell Wetlands, a 35-acre urban wetland located on Evansville’s west side. This area features diverse habitats such as marshlands, bald cypress sloughs, oxbow lakes, lowland hardwood forests, and upland meadows. It offers over two miles of trails, wooden walkways, and bridges designed to facilitate wildlife observation. The wetlands serve as a critical refuge for species such as muskrats, beavers, wood ducks, herons, geese, and white-tailed deer.

Visitor Amenities and Hours

The preserve is open to the public with the following hours:

Tuesday to Saturday: 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

Sunday: 12:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m.

Closed on Mondays.

Admission is charged to support maintenance and educational programs:

Adults: $5

Children ages 3 to 12: $3

Children under 3: Free

Members of the Wesselman Nature Society and reciprocal organizations enter free.

Visitors gain access to the nature center, extensive trails, the nature playscape, and educational exhibits.

Location and Directions

Wesselman Woods Nature Preserve is located at 551 North Boeke Road, Evansville, Indiana. The preserve is accessed by entering Wesselman Park and following the road to the right, where after approximately a quarter-mile a sharp left turn leads to the preserve entrance on the right.

Conservation and Educational Role

Beyond providing a recreational and serene natural area, Wesselman Woods serves as an important center for environmental education and conservation. The Wesselman Nature Society, which manages the preserve, offers programs for schools, families, and community groups focusing on ecology, native species, and habitat preservation. It also conducts ongoing scientific research on old-growth forest ecology and urban biodiversity.

Summary

Wesselman Woods Nature Preserve represents a rare and invaluable natural treasure, preserving a vast expanse of ancient forest within an urban environment. It offers visitors a unique opportunity to experience Indiana’s original ecosystems, from towering ancient trees and diverse wildlife to tranquil wetlands and interactive natural play spaces. Its careful management balances public access with conservation priorities, ensuring that future generations can continue to enjoy and learn from this living landscape. Wesselman Woods stands as a testament to the importance of protecting natural heritage amid expanding urbanization.