Fujairah | United Arab Emirates

Fujairah – Detailed Information

Fujairah is one of the seven emirates of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), known for its mountainous landscape, pristine beaches, and historical sites. Unlike other emirates, Fujairah is the only one located entirely on the east coast along the Gulf of Oman, giving it a unique maritime economy and cooler coastal climate. It is a major hub for shipping, tourism, and agriculture, while also preserving its traditional Emirati culture.

Geography and Climate

Location:

The only emirate on the Gulf of Oman, separated from the rest of the UAE by the Hajar Mountains.

Borders Sharjah, Ras Al Khaimah, and Oman.

Size: Approximately 1,450 km², making it the fifth-largest emirate.

Topography:

Hajar Mountains dominate the landscape, offering hiking trails and scenic views.

Beaches and coral reefs along the east coast.

Wadis (dry riverbeds), such as Wadi Wurayah, home to waterfalls and rare wildlife.

Climate:

Mild winters (15–25°C) and hot summers (35–45°C).

More rainfall than western emirates due to mountainous terrain.

Humidity levels are lower compared to Dubai and Abu Dhabi.

History

Ancient Settlements:

Archaeological sites suggest human habitation for over 4,000 years.

Portuguese influence in the 16th century, followed by local rule.

Sheikhdom of Fujairah:

Ruled by the Al Sharqi family since the 18th century.

British Treaty and UAE Formation:

Became a Trucial State protectorate under British rule in 1850.

Joined the UAE in 1971, gaining full independence.

Government and Politics

Ruling Family:

Sheikh Hamad bin Mohammed Al Sharqi has ruled since 1974.

Absolute Monarchy:

Fujairah follows UAE federal laws but maintains local governance on economic policies and heritage preservation.

Legal System:

Based on Sharia law and UAE civil laws.

Less strict than Sharjah, but conservative social norms apply.

Economy

Fujairah has a diverse economy, supported by shipping, oil storage, tourism, and agriculture.

Key Economic Sectors:

Port and Maritime Industry

Port of Fujairah – One of the world’s largest oil bunkering (refueling) hubs.

Major international shipping and logistics center.

Tourism and Hospitality

Popular for diving, snorkeling, and beach resorts.

Historical forts and cultural sites attract visitors.

Oil Storage and Trade

A key petroleum storage and export center.

Fujairah Oil Terminal plays a major role in global oil markets.

Agriculture and Fishing

More fertile land compared to other UAE emirates.

Date farming and vegetable production in the inland areas.

Fishing remains a key industry, supplying fresh seafood to the UAE.

Culture and Society

Demographics

Population: Approximately 250,000 people.

Expatriate Community: Includes Indians, Pakistanis, Bangladeshis, Filipinos, and Egyptians.

Languages

Arabic is the official language.

English, Hindi, and Urdu are widely spoken.

Religion

Islam is the official religion.

Mosques are the primary places of worship, with limited churches and temples for expatriates.

Traditional Dress

Men: Wear the kandura (white robe) and ghutra (headscarf).

Women: Wear the abaya (black robe) and shayla (headscarf).

Western clothing is acceptable, but modesty is expected.

Cuisine

Traditional dishes include:

Machbous (spiced rice with meat or fish).

Harees (wheat and meat dish).

Luqaimat (sweet dumplings).

Fresh seafood is widely consumed.

Education

Fujairah has several higher education institutions, including:

University of Fujairah – Offers business, IT, and media programs.

Fujairah Aviation Academy – A top training center for pilots and air traffic controllers.

Several international schools with British, American, and Indian curricula.

Infrastructure and Transport

Roads and Highways

Sheikh Khalifa Highway (E84) connects Fujairah to Dubai in 1.5 hours.

E99 (Coastal Road) runs along the Gulf of Oman, offering scenic drives.

Public Transport

Limited bus network, mostly taxis and private cars.

No metro or tram system.

Airports

Fujairah International Airport (FJR) handles cargo and regional flights.

Ports

Port of Fujairah – One of the largest oil bunkering hubs in the world.

Urban Development and Sustainability

Fujairah Vision 2040 focuses on eco-tourism, economic diversification, and green energy.

Sustainable projects include solar power farms and marine conservation efforts.

Tourism and Entertainment

Fujairah offers beaches, mountains, historic sites, and adventure tourism.

Historical and Cultural Attractions

Fujairah Fort – One of the oldest forts in the UAE, dating back to the 16th century.

Al Bidya Mosque – The oldest mosque in the UAE, built in the 15th century.

Fujairah Museum – Showcases archaeological finds and Emirati heritage.

Adventure and Outdoor Activities

Jebel Jais Mountain – Offers hiking, ziplining, and scenic views.

Wadi Wurayah National Park – A UNESCO biosphere reserve with waterfalls and rare wildlife.

Diving and Snorkeling – Coral reefs and marine life near Snoopy Island.

Beaches and Resorts

Al Aqah Beach – Famous for luxury beach resorts and water sports.

Dibba Beach – A popular camping and fishing spot.

Shopping and Markets

Fujairah Mall – The largest shopping center in Fujairah.

Friday Market (Masafi Market) – A traditional souk selling pottery, fruits, and carpets.

Festivals and Events

Fujairah International Arts Festival – Showcases local and global artists.

Bull Butting Festival – A traditional Emirati event held every Friday.

Conclusion

Fujairah is a unique emirate in the UAE, offering a blend of history, adventure, and economic growth. With its mountainous landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and maritime economy, it provides a peaceful and nature-focused alternative to the larger cities of the UAE.