Peoria | USA Illinois

History

Founded in 1691 by French explorers, Peoria is the oldest permanent European settlement in Illinois.

It grew into a key river port along the Illinois River, supporting trade and transport in the 19th century.

Known historically for its whiskey production, Peoria was once home to more than a dozen distilleries by the late 1800s.

The phrase "Will it play in Peoria?" emerged from its role as a testing ground for mainstream American tastes, reflecting the city’s cultural significance.

Economy

Traditionally an industrial hub, Peoria was the longtime headquarters of Caterpillar Inc., a global leader in construction and mining machinery.

While Caterpillar relocated its headquarters in 2017, the company still maintains major operations, and manufacturing remains a key sector.

The economy has diversified to include healthcare, education, finance, retail, and services.

Major employers include OSF Healthcare, UnityPoint Health, Bradley University, and Illinois Central College.

Population and Demographics

Population is around 111,000 in the city, with a larger metropolitan area extending beyond.

The community is diverse, with ongoing urban redevelopment improving housing and amenities.

Culture and Attractions

Peoria Riverfront Museum: A multidisciplinary museum featuring art exhibits, history, science displays, a planetarium, and IMAX theater.

Peoria Civic Center: Hosts concerts, sporting events (home to the Peoria Rivermen hockey team), conventions, and community gatherings.

Grandview Drive: A scenic boulevard offering panoramic views of the Illinois River and city skyline.

Laura Bradley Park: A 100-acre green space with sports facilities, picnic areas, walking trails, and a Japanese garden.

Downtown Peoria: Known for its historic architecture, diverse restaurants, bars, and boutique shops.

Education

Bradley University is a respected private university known for programs in engineering, business, health sciences, and performing arts.

Illinois Central College offers vocational training, associate degrees, and community education.

Events and Festivals

The Peoria Jazz Festival is a popular annual music event attracting regional and national acts.

The Spirit of Peoria riverboat provides cruises showcasing the Illinois River and local history.

Seasonal farmers markets, art fairs, and holiday events enliven the community.

Transportation

Served by General Wayne A. Downing Peoria International Airport, with flights connecting to major hubs.

Located near Interstates 74, 474, and 155, offering road connectivity.

Public transportation includes bus services operated by the Greater Peoria Mass Transit District.

Climate

Humid continental climate with cold winters and warm, humid summers.

Spring and fall offer comfortable temperatures ideal for outdoor activities.

Peoria, Illinois combines historical charm, a strong industrial heritage, and vibrant cultural amenities, making it a well-rounded city with both economic significance and recreational opportunities.