Terrace of the Elephants | Siem Reap

Terrace of the Elephants – The Royal Viewing Platform of Angkor Thom

The Terrace of the Elephants is one of the most iconic structures in Angkor Thom, serving as a grand platform where King Jayavarman VII (reigned 1181–1218 AD) observed ceremonial processions, military parades, and public celebrations. Located just north of Bayon Temple and part of the Royal Palace complex, the terrace is famous for its intricate carvings of elephants, mythological creatures, and warriors.

History of the Terrace of the Elephants

• Built in the late 12th century by King Jayavarman VII, the terrace was an extension of the Royal Palace and served as a ceremonial stage.
• The king used the platform to watch his victorious army return from battles and to preside over public gatherings.
• It was also used for royal events, performances, and religious ceremonies.
• The original palace was made of wood, which has since decayed, but the terrace’s stone foundation and carvings remain well-preserved.

Architectural Features of the Terrace of the Elephants

1. Grand Structure and Layout

• The terrace is 350 meters (1,150 feet) long and 2.5 meters (8 feet) high, running along the east side of the Royal Palace.
• It consists of five sections, including three central staircases and two side sections with detailed carvings.
• The central staircases are guarded by stone lions and garudas (mythical bird-like creatures).

2. Elephant Carvings

• The most famous feature of the terrace is its lifelike elephant carvings, which appear along the retaining wall.
• The elephants are depicted with mahouts (elephant trainers) and pulling lotuses with their trunks.
• These carvings likely symbolized the power and strength of the Khmer Empire’s military.

3. Naga and Garuda Motifs

• The terrace also features multi-headed nagas (serpent deities) with Garudas standing between them.
• This represents a mythological struggle between divine creatures, symbolizing protection and power.

4. The "Parade of Warriors" Bas-Reliefs

• Some sections of the terrace feature detailed carvings of soldiers, horses, and mythical beings, illustrating grand processions and military strength.
• These reliefs may have depicted actual historical events or legendary battles.

Significance of the Terrace of the Elephants

• The terrace was an important royal stage, emphasizing the military power, religious devotion, and grandeur of the Khmer Empire.
• It served as a connection between the king and his people, allowing public displays of power and prosperity.
• The extensive elephant imagery reflects the importance of elephants in warfare and transportation during the Khmer period.

Visiting the Terrace of the Elephants

1. Best Time to Visit

• Morning or late afternoon to avoid the midday heat.
• The soft lighting at sunrise and sunset enhances the carvings’ details.

2. Getting There

• Located inside Angkor Thom, just north of Bayon Temple and near the Royal Palace.
• Accessible by bicycle, tuk-tuk, or guided tour from Angkor Wat or Siem Reap.

3. What to Expect

• A long, elevated terrace with stunning bas-reliefs and staircases.
• No remaining palace structures, but the terrace provides insight into Khmer royal ceremonies.
• Nearby attractions include the Terrace of the Leper King, Bayon Temple, and the Victory Gate.

Conclusion

The Terrace of the Elephants is a remarkable relic of Khmer imperial grandeur, offering a glimpse into royal ceremonies, military parades, and ancient celebrations. Its elephant carvings, naga motifs, and warrior bas-reliefs make it a must-visit site in Angkor Thom.