Union Square | Somerville

Union Square is a historic and dynamic neighborhood located in the southeastern part of Somerville, Massachusetts. As the city’s oldest and largest commercial district, it serves as both a cultural and economic hub, blending deep historical roots with ongoing urban revitalization and modern innovation. The neighborhood is centered around the intersection of Washington Street and Somerville Avenue and stretches to encompass a vibrant mix of residential, commercial, and recreational spaces.

Historical Context

Union Square’s history dates back to the early 19th century when it was originally called Liberty Pole Square, named after an anti-slavery monument- a liberty pole-erected by local firemen. In 1861, reflecting the national tensions of the Civil War, the neighborhood was renamed Union Square as a symbol of pro-Union sentiment during the conflict. Its location at the crossroads of major thoroughfares helped establish it as a pivotal commercial center.

The opening of the Warren Bridge in 1828 connected Union Square more directly to Boston, increasing traffic and commercial activity. Further boosting its importance was the arrival of the Fitchburg Railroad in 1843, which provided a key rail connection that facilitated goods and passenger movement. South of the rail line lies the Boynton Yards area, historically a meatpacking and manufacturing district developed in 1874, which has more recently been the focus of redevelopment into a mixed-use innovation district.

Union Square also holds cultural significance for being the birthplace of Marshmallow Fluff production in 1917, a legacy celebrated today through the neighborhood’s annual Fluff Festival, which draws visitors to the area for community events, live music, and food celebrations.

Architecture and Housing

Union Square’s built environment is characterized by a diverse array of architectural styles reflecting its long history and recent development trends. The neighborhood includes early brick commercial buildings, classic triple-decker residences, renovated historic homes, and contemporary mixed-use developments.

The residential market offers a variety of options to accommodate students, young professionals, families, and long-time residents. Housing ranges from affordable apartments in older buildings to newly constructed condominiums and luxury apartments in large-scale developments.

A major transformative project known as the USQ development-a $2 billion, 15-acre mixed-use complex-has been underway since the early 2020s. This ambitious development integrates residential units, office and laboratory space, retail establishments, and public amenities, aiming to create a vibrant live-work-play environment that strengthens Union Square’s role as an innovation and cultural district.

Culinary Scene and Local Businesses

Union Square’s culinary and retail landscape is notably diverse and thriving. The neighborhood has developed a reputation as a destination for food lovers, featuring a broad spectrum of dining options that reflect both local traditions and global influences:

Bow Market: An innovative indoor-outdoor marketplace housing more than 30 vendors, including boutiques, specialty food purveyors, breweries, and artisanal crafts. It functions as a community gathering place with a vibrant atmosphere.

Union Square Donuts: Renowned for inventive and delicious donut flavors, this shop has become a local icon attracting visitors from across the region.

Field & Vine: A modern restaurant focusing on seasonal, ingredient-driven cuisine, praised for its thoughtful menu and welcoming setting.

Celeste: A cozy, intimate spot offering creative American fare with a focus on fresh, local ingredients.

Tanám: A restaurant specializing in Filipino-inspired tasting menus, adding to the neighborhood’s multicultural food offerings.

Besides restaurants, Union Square hosts numerous small businesses, from coffee shops and bookstores to boutique retailers, fostering a lively commercial district that supports local entrepreneurship.

The neighborhood also regularly hosts public events, including the Union Square Farmers Market, which features fresh local produce, baked goods, and crafts, reinforcing its community-centric identity.

Transportation and Accessibility

Union Square boasts exceptional transportation infrastructure, enhancing its appeal for residents, workers, and visitors:

The recent Green Line Extension (GLX) project includes the Union Square Station, providing rapid light rail service that connects directly to downtown Boston and other neighborhoods. This has significantly improved transit accessibility and spurred economic development.

Multiple bus lines serve the neighborhood, connecting it to nearby hubs such as Davis Square, Kendall Square, and beyond.

The neighborhood’s Walk Score of 98 classifies it as a “Walker's Paradise,” where daily errands, dining, and entertainment can be accessed on foot.

Union Square also earns a high Bike Score of 91, thanks to bike lanes and proximity to regional bike paths, encouraging environmentally friendly transportation options.

Proximity to major highways and roadways facilitates convenient car travel, though the neighborhood’s design encourages pedestrian and public transit use.

Community and Culture

Union Square is recognized for its strong sense of community and cultural diversity. Its population includes longtime residents, artists, students, and professionals from a variety of backgrounds, contributing to a rich social fabric.

Public art installations, live music venues, galleries, and community festivals infuse the neighborhood with creative energy. The Fluff Festival is an annual highlight, celebrating local culture with food, music, and family-friendly activities.

Community organizations and local advocacy groups actively engage in shaping Union Square’s development, emphasizing inclusivity, historic preservation, and equitable growth.

Parks and Open Spaces

Though Union Square is a dense urban area, residents have access to several parks and green spaces within walking distance:

Prospect Hill Park, located nearby, offers scenic views of the Boston skyline and space for recreation.

Smaller pocket parks and plazas within the neighborhood provide places for relaxation, socializing, and outdoor dining.

Economic Development and Future Prospects

Union Square is at the forefront of Somerville’s urban revitalization efforts. The USQ project and ongoing investments in infrastructure and amenities are reshaping the neighborhood into a mixed-use hub that balances residential living, commercial activity, and innovation sectors.

This development attracts biotech firms, startups, and creative enterprises, transforming the neighborhood into a regional employment center while maintaining its historic charm.

Efforts are underway to ensure growth is inclusive and sustainable, with community input guiding zoning, affordable housing initiatives, and preservation of cultural landmarks.

Summary

Union Square in Somerville represents a successful fusion of historical legacy and contemporary urban vibrancy. Its strategic location, enriched by transportation improvements and ambitious development projects, has positioned it as a thriving commercial, cultural, and residential district. The neighborhood’s eclectic culinary scene, diverse housing options, active community life, and accessible green spaces make it a highly desirable area for a broad spectrum of residents and visitors. Union Square continues to evolve while honoring its roots, offering a dynamic environment where history and innovation coexist.