Argentine Carnegie Library | Kansas City KS

The Wahkpa Chu’gn Archaeological Site is a significant paleontological and historical location situated near Havre, Montana, USA.

Visual Characteristics

The site consists of a series of shallow caves and rock shelters eroded into a sandstone cliff face. The exposed rock is primarily light brown to tan sandstone, exhibiting distinct layering from sedimentary deposition. Vegetation in the immediate vicinity is sparse, consisting of prairie grasses and hardy shrubs adapted to arid conditions. The surrounding landscape is characterized by rolling hills and open grassland.

Location & Access Logistics

The Wahkpa Chu’gn site is located approximately 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Havre, Montana. Access is via County Road 228 (also known as the Rocky Boy's Service Road) for approximately 8 miles, followed by a short, unpaved access road. Parking is available at a designated pull-off area near the trailhead. No public transport services the site.

Historical & Ecological Origin

This site is a paleontological resource containing evidence of human occupation dating back approximately 12,000 years. It is classified as a Paleo-Indian site, with artifacts indicating the presence of early hunter-gatherer groups. The geological formation is a result of aeolian and fluvial processes acting on sandstone over millennia.

Key Highlights & Activities

Visitors can explore the exposed cave and shelter areas where archaeological excavations have occurred. Interpretive signage details the history of the site and the findings from research. Limited hiking is possible on the trails leading to and around the shelters.

Infrastructure & Amenities

Basic amenities are limited. There are no restrooms or dedicated shade structures at the site. Cell phone signal is generally unreliable in this remote area. Food vendors are not present at the site; visitors should bring their own provisions.

Best Time to Visit

The best time for visiting is during the late spring (May-June) or early fall (September-October) to avoid extreme summer heat and winter conditions. Mid-morning or late afternoon offers optimal lighting for viewing the rock formations and any exposed strata.

Facts & Legends

Artifacts recovered from Wahkpa Chu’gn include stone tools, projectile points, and animal bones, providing insights into the diet and technology of its ancient inhabitants. One notable discovery was evidence of bison hunting techniques employed by early peoples in the region.

Nearby Landmarks

• The Great Northern Railway Depot Museum (10km Northeast)
• Fresno Reservoir (15km West)
• Bear Paw Battlefield National Historic Site (40km South)