Lowell Observatory | Flagstaff

Lowell Observatory – In Detail

Lowell Observatory, located in Flagstaff, Arizona, is one of the oldest and most storied astronomical institutions in the United States. Established in 1894 by wealthy Boston mathematician and astronomer Percival Lowell, the observatory has played a central role in major astronomical discoveries and remains a leading center for both public science education and professional research.

Location and Environment

Set on Mars Hill just west of downtown Flagstaff, Lowell Observatory sits at an elevation of about 7,200 feet. This high elevation provides thinner atmosphere and minimal light pollution-ideal conditions for observing the night sky. The surrounding area is dominated by ponderosa pine forests, and the observatory is part of the world's first International Dark Sky City, making it a prime location for stargazing and celestial research.

Historical Importance

One of Lowell Observatory’s most famous achievements is the discovery of Pluto by Clyde Tombaugh in 1930, using photographs taken with the observatory’s astrograph telescope. This groundbreaking moment placed the observatory on the global map of scientific institutions and remains one of its proudest legacies.

The Clark Telescope, a historic refractor built in 1896, was used by Percival Lowell himself to study Mars. He promoted the theory of Martian canals, sparking public imagination about extraterrestrial life. Although later disproven, Lowell's theories popularized planetary science and contributed to astronomical advancement.

Research and Modern Contributions

While the observatory began as a privately funded facility, it now conducts high-level research through partnerships and its own instruments. Its most powerful modern instrument is the Lowell Discovery Telescope (LDT), located about 40 miles southeast of Flagstaff. With a 4.3-meter mirror, it is one of the most advanced telescopes in the continental U.S. Research at Lowell focuses on planetary science, stellar evolution, galactic astronomy, and exoplanets.

Lowell scientists have contributed significantly to NASA missions, such as New Horizons (which explored Pluto) and OSIRIS-REx (which visited the asteroid Bennu).

Visitor Experience

Lowell Observatory is designed to be an immersive educational destination for the public. The grounds are open year-round, with regular programs and activities suited for families, students, amateur astronomers, and general tourists.

Key Visitor Attractions Include:

Giovale Open Deck Observatory (GODO): A modern plaza with multiple advanced telescopes available to the public for day and night sky viewing. Staff members assist visitors in observing planets, star clusters, galaxies, and more.

Clark Telescope Dome: Recently restored, this historic facility allows guests to explore early 20th-century astronomy and observe through the original telescope.

Pluto Discovery Telescope and Exhibit: The telescope used to photograph Pluto’s location is on display, with interpretive panels detailing the discovery process.

Astronomy Gallery and Exhibits: Interactive exhibits and multimedia displays explore space science topics in depth.

Dark Sky Planetarium (part of the new Marley Foundation Astronomy Discovery Center): A cutting-edge indoor planetarium experience using immersive visuals and surround sound to simulate cosmic environments and celestial motion.

Orbits Curiosity Zone: A creative indoor science play space for younger children to explore basic space concepts through hands-on activity stations.

Planet X Café and Gift Shop: On-site amenities for refreshments and space-themed merchandise.

Programs and Events

Lowell offers a wide range of structured programs designed to engage both children and adults.

Guided Tours: Multiple times daily, featuring history, telescope demonstrations, and night viewing sessions.

Nighttime Telescope Viewings: Weather permitting, staff guide visitors through powerful telescopes for firsthand stargazing experiences.

Science Talks and Demonstrations: Hosted by resident astronomers and educators on topics ranging from black holes to dark matter.

Astrophotography Workshops: For visitors interested in capturing the cosmos with digital imaging techniques.

Annual Events:

I Heart Pluto Festival (celebrating Pluto’s discovery)

Flagstaff Star Party

AstroFest

Private group experiences and educational field trips are also available with advance booking.

Accessibility and Facilities

Most of the observatory’s buildings and exhibits are accessible to those with mobility limitations, although some older structures like the Pluto Discovery Dome may present minor challenges. Walking paths are mostly paved or graveled, with seating areas available.

Because of the elevation, some visitors may feel short of breath and should stay hydrated and pace themselves. Flagstaff’s weather is variable, so visitors are advised to bring layers and prepare for cooler temperatures, especially at night.

Admission and Hours

Hours: Open Wednesday to Monday from 12:00 PM to 10:00 PM, closed on Tuesdays.

Admission:

Adults (18+): $35

Children (6–17): $20

Children under 5: Free

Discounts available for seniors, military, students, and local residents

Memberships offer unlimited visits and special program access

No reservation is needed for general entry, but special programs may require advance booking.

Summary

Lowell Observatory is more than just a museum or viewing station-it’s an active scientific institution with deep historical roots and a vibrant public mission. Its blend of rich history, active research, educational outreach, and hands-on astronomy makes it one of the premier science attractions in the American Southwest. Whether you're an amateur astronomer, science enthusiast, or curious traveler, Lowell Observatory offers a profound and unforgettable look into the cosmos.