Lake Mývatn | Akureyri

Lake Mývatn is one of Iceland's most iconic and beautiful regions, renowned for its stunning natural features, rich biodiversity, and geothermal activity. Located in North Iceland, near the town of Akureyri, Mývatn is the fourth largest lake in Iceland and has a distinctive landscape shaped by volcanic and geothermal processes. It is a popular destination for nature lovers, birdwatchers, and geology enthusiasts alike.

Key Features of Lake Mývatn

1. Geological Significance

• Lake Mývatn was formed around 230,000 years ago by volcanic activity, specifically from lava flowing into a pre-existing river valley. The lake itself is located in the Mývatn Basin, a region shaped by the Krafla volcanic system and surrounding geothermal features.
• The lake sits on top of a geothermal hotspot and is surrounded by several volcanic craters, lava fields, and geothermal hot springs. This combination of volcanic activity and geothermal energy creates a diverse and visually striking environment, full of fascinating landscapes and geological phenomena.

2. Volcanic Features

• The landscape around Lake Mývatn is dotted with volcanic craters and formations, including the famous Hverfjall Crater, which rises sharply above the lake and offers panoramic views of the region. The crater is a large explosive volcanic cone, about 420 meters (1,380 feet) high, with a distinctive circular shape.
• Other notable volcanic features include the Dimmuborgir Lava Fields, a surreal collection of lava pillars, caves, and formations that were created by an eruption over 2,000 years ago.
• The lake itself is surrounded by other geological wonders, including pseudocraters (formed by steam explosions beneath lava flows) and various lava formations that contribute to the striking beauty of the region.

3. Geothermal Activity

• The Mývatn area is rich in geothermal activity, with several prominent hot springs and fumaroles scattered around the region. The Hverir Geothermal Area, located near the lake, is famous for its boiling mud pots, sulfur springs, and fumaroles, which create a surreal, steam-filled landscape.
• The geothermal energy in the region also powers the Mývatn Nature Baths, a popular geothermal spa that offers visitors a chance to relax in warm, mineral-rich waters while enjoying the surrounding landscape.

4. Rich Biodiversity and Birdwatching

• One of the most famous aspects of Lake Mývatn is its diverse wildlife, particularly the rich variety of birdlife that it supports. The lake is a prime location for birdwatching, with over 100 species of birds migrating to the lake and surrounding wetlands during the summer months.
• The lake itself and its surrounding wetlands are particularly important habitats for ducks, swans, and other waterfowl. The name "Mývatn" translates to "Midge Lake," named after the swarms of midges that are common in the summer, though they are not typically a nuisance for visitors.
• The lake is known for hosting species such as the common eider, greylag goose, and harlequin duck, and it is one of the best places to see duck species in Iceland, making it a paradise for birdwatchers.

5. Mývatn Nature Baths

• The Mývatn Nature Baths are a popular geothermal spa located near the lake. Often considered a less crowded alternative to the famous Blue Lagoon, the baths offer a relaxing experience in warm, mineral-rich water. The natural setting, with views of the surrounding volcanic landscape, makes for a tranquil and picturesque environment.
• The waters of the Mývatn Nature Baths are rich in minerals such as silica, which is believed to have skin-healing properties, making the experience both relaxing and rejuvenating.

6. Dimmuborgir Lava Fields

• The Dimmuborgir Lava Fields are a striking geological feature located to the south of Lake Mývatn. This area is famous for its towering lava pillars, caves, and spires that were formed by a volcanic eruption around 2,300 years ago. The formations in Dimmuborgir are often compared to a "city of elves" in Icelandic folklore, with locals believing the area to be home to elves and trolls.
• There are several hiking trails that lead through the lava fields, allowing visitors to explore the unique formations and enjoy views of the lake and surrounding volcanic landscape.

7. Hverfjall Crater

• Hverfjall, also known as the Explosion Crater, is one of the most recognizable landmarks near Lake Mývatn. This large volcanic crater stands 420 meters (1,380 feet) above the surrounding landscape and has a distinct bowl shape.
• The crater formed during a phreatomagmatic eruption and is thought to be about 2,500 years old. Visitors can hike up to the rim of the crater, where they can enjoy spectacular views of the lake and the surrounding area, including the nearby volcanic landscapes.

8. Pseudocraters

• The region surrounding Lake Mývatn is also known for its pseudocraters, which are crater-like formations that are not true volcanic craters. Instead, these formations were created by steam explosions when lava flowed over wetlands or lakes, causing the ground to explode and form craters.
• One of the most famous pseudocrater fields is located at Skútustaðir, a scenic area along the southern shore of the lake. The pseudocraters are best explored by foot, with a walking trail that leads visitors through this fascinating geological landscape.

9. Cultural and Historical Significance

• Lake Mývatn and its surrounding areas have cultural and historical significance, with evidence of human settlement dating back to the Viking Age. The area has been a source of geothermal energy, fish, and wildlife for centuries.
• In addition, the Mývatn Visitor Center offers information about the region's history, geology, and biodiversity, making it a great place for visitors to learn more about the area before exploring.

10. Best Time to Visit

• Summer (June to August) is the best time for birdwatching, as the lake and surrounding wetlands are home to migratory birds, including large numbers of ducks. The weather is also generally milder, with long daylight hours and good conditions for hiking and exploring.
• Winter (November to March) offers a quieter, more serene experience, with the chance to see the lake and surrounding volcanic landscape covered in snow. While the weather can be colder, the winter months offer an opportunity to see the Northern Lights in the area.

Conclusion

Lake Mývatn is a geological, ecological, and cultural treasure in North Iceland. Its volcanic landscapes, geothermal activity, and rich biodiversity make it a must-see destination for nature lovers, hikers, and those interested in Iceland's unique geological features. Whether you're relaxing in the Mývatn Nature Baths, hiking around Hverfjall Crater, birdwatching in the wetlands, or exploring the Dimmuborgir Lava Fields, there is no shortage of stunning experiences to be had around Lake Mývatn.