Parliament of Malta | Valletta

The Parliament of Malta, located in the heart of Valletta, is one of the most significant buildings on the island, both politically and architecturally. It houses the House of Representatives and the Office of the Prime Minister of Malta, making it the center of legislative and executive government in the country. The building's design and its role in Malta’s governance reflect the country's unique history, its independence, and its evolution as a democratic state.

History and Significance

Historical Context:

• The current Parliament building in Valletta is housed in the Auberge de Castille, an important historical site originally built by the Knights of St. John in the late 16th century. This Auberge served as the residence for the Spanish knights and later played a key role during the British colonial period.
• The building underwent significant renovations to adapt it for its new function as Malta's Parliament after the country became a republic. In 2015, Malta officially moved its parliamentary functions into a newly constructed building adjacent to the Auberge de Castille.

Key Role in Malta’s Politics:

• Parliament of Malta is the heart of Malta’s democratic governance. The House of Representatives, made up of 65 members who are elected by the public, is responsible for passing laws, while the Prime Minister’s office within the building handles executive functions.
• The Parliament holds weekly sessions that are open to the public, and the building plays a major role in political debates, decisions, and the formation of national policies.

Key Constitutional Moment:

• Malta became a republic in 1974, and the establishment of a more democratic and independent parliament was part of a broader process of decolonization following the end of British rule in 1964.
• The Republic of Malta officially moved its parliamentary functions to a new, modern building next to the Auberge de Castille in 2015, designed by the renowned architect Renzo Piano.

Architectural Features

Auberge de Castille (Historical Portion):

• The Auberge de Castille remains the historical heart of the building, with its Baroque architecture serving as a backdrop to the more modern additions. The original structure, with its elegant stone facades, grand entrance archway, and balconies, evokes the opulence and military significance of the time when it housed the knights of Castile.
• The interior still retains many elements of the Knights' era, with spaces that were once used for administrative purposes now housing modern government offices.

New Parliamentary Building (by Renzo Piano):

• The new parliamentary building, designed by the internationally acclaimed architect Renzo Piano, was inaugurated in 2015. The design was part of a larger project to modernize the city’s architecture while preserving its historical essence.
• Modern Design: The building’s design contrasts with the older structures of Valletta, characterized by clean lines, open spaces, and the use of local limestone to maintain harmony with its surroundings.
• Transparency and Light: A striking feature of the building is its use of glass and limestone panels, which allow natural light to flood the interior, creating a sense of openness and transparency. The structure’s design emphasizes openness and accessibility, symbolizing the principles of democracy and accountability.
• Central Hall: The new Parliamentary Hall is spacious and open, with a minimalist approach, providing a contemporary space for political debates, discussions, and lawmaking.
• Integrated Spaces: The new structure incorporates the use of innovative technology to facilitate modern parliamentary work, with rooms designed for public hearings and media broadcasts.

Sustainability Features:

• The new parliamentary building has been designed with sustainability in mind, incorporating eco-friendly materials, energy-efficient features, and an overall design that reduces the building's environmental impact.
• The combination of traditional local limestone and modern glass facades ensures the building blends seamlessly with the surrounding UNESCO-listed city of Valletta, while also offering cutting-edge facilities.

Role and Function of the Building

Parliamentary Sessions:

• The House of Representatives meets regularly in the new parliamentary chamber, where elected members of parliament debate laws, policies, and the future direction of the country.
• Public access to these sessions is allowed, providing citizens with the opportunity to witness the democratic process in action. The parliament is a place of open discussion, often featuring live broadcasts of debates and important political events.

Office of the Prime Minister:

• The Prime Minister’s office is housed within the Auberge de Castille, a historic part of the Parliament building. The Prime Minister’s office handles executive functions and is involved in the day-to-day running of the government, policy development, and strategic decision-making.
• The Prime Minister's office within the building is also responsible for the implementation of laws passed by the House of Representatives.

Legislative Role:

• The Parliament of Malta is responsible for passing national laws, including those that address issues of civil rights, economic policies, foreign relations, and national security.
• Parliamentary committees also play a critical role in scrutinizing laws, assessing government policies, and engaging with the public and experts to ensure that legislation is fit for purpose.

Public Engagement and Transparency

Public Accessibility:

• One of the central ideals behind the new design was to promote public access and transparency in the political process. Visitors to Valletta can view the Parliament building from the outside and, in some cases, attend parliamentary sessions.
• There are also public tours available, allowing visitors to learn about the history of the Parliament and its role in Malta's governance. These tours offer insights into the building's historical evolution, its architectural transformation, and its significance to the people of Malta.

Symbol of Democracy:

• The Parliament building in Valletta is not just a place of work for politicians—it is a symbol of Malta’s democratic values. With its modern design and openness to the public, the building represents Malta's commitment to democracy, accountability, and public engagement in the political process.

Public Events:

• From time to time, the Parliament of Malta hosts special events, debates, and exhibitions that are open to the public. These events often tie into national celebrations or significant political milestones, such as Malta’s Republic Day or Independence Day.

Nearby Attractions

• Auberge de Castille: The building itself is a prominent historical site in Valletta, and visitors can admire its Baroque architecture, including its grand facade and stone carvings.
• St. John's Co-Cathedral: Located nearby, this cathedral is famous for its Baroque interior and the Caravaggio paintings it houses.
• Upper Barracca Gardens: Just a short walk away, these gardens offer stunning views of the Grand Harbour and are a great place to relax after visiting the Parliament.
• The Palace of the Grand Master: Another key historical building close by, once serving as the residence of the Grand Master of the Knights of St. John.

Why Visit the Parliament of Malta?

1. Architectural Beauty: The Parliament is a blend of Baroque and modern architecture, offering visitors an opportunity to explore Malta’s unique design heritage.
2. Historical Significance: It is at the heart of Malta’s political life and reflects the country’s evolution from colonial rule to independence and democracy.
3. Transparency in Government: The design emphasizes the openness of democratic processes, and visitors can witness political debates in the new Parliament building.
4. Cultural and Educational Value: For those interested in Malta's political history, visiting the Parliament offers a chance to understand the governance and laws that shape the country.

The Parliament of Malta is more than just the seat of government—it's a symbol of the nation’s democratic evolution and a cultural landmark in the heart of Valletta.