Valletta | Malta

Valletta, the capital of Malta, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most architecturally rich and historically significant cities in Europe. Built in the 16th century by the Knights of St. John, Valletta showcases a blend of Baroque, Mannerist, Neo-Classical, and modern architecture, making it a cultural treasure trove.

Historical Overview

• Foundation: Valletta was founded in 1566 by Jean Parisot de Valette, Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller, following the Great Siege of Malta in 1565.
• Strategic Importance: Its location on a peninsula between two harbors, Marsamxett and Grand Harbour, made it a key maritime hub in the Mediterranean.
• Development: Designed by architect Francesco Laparelli and completed by Girolamo Cassar, the city is one of the earliest examples of planned urban development in Europe.

Architectural Highlights

St. John’s Co-Cathedral

• A Baroque masterpiece built between 1572 and 1577.
• Known for its intricate interior, gold leaf decor, and Caravaggio’s painting The Beheading of Saint John the Baptist.

Grandmaster’s Palace

• Historically served as the residence of the Grand Masters of the Order of St. John.
• Now houses the Office of the President of Malta and the House of Representatives.

Fort St. Elmo

• A star-shaped fort that played a critical role during the Great Siege of 1565.
• Hosts the National War Museum, showcasing Malta’s military history.

Auberges

• Lodges built for the Knights of St. John, each representing a specific Langue (region).
• The Auberge de Castille, now the office of the Prime Minister, is particularly notable.

Cultural and Social Aspects

Festivals and Events

• Carnival (February): A vibrant celebration with parades and costumes.
• Valletta Film Festival (June): Showcases international films in unique venues.
• Notte Bianca (October): A night-long cultural event with art exhibitions, music, and performances.

Cuisine

• Valletta offers a mix of Maltese and Mediterranean flavors. Traditional dishes include rabbit stew (fenkata), pastizzi, and lampuki pie.
• The city's restaurants often feature fresh seafood and locally produced wines.

Modern Attractions

MUŻA (National Museum of Art)

• Showcases a wide range of art, from historical to contemporary works.

Barrakka Gardens

• Upper and Lower Barrakka Gardens offer panoramic views of the Grand Harbour and the Three Cities.

Transportation and Accessibility

• On Foot: Valletta is compact and walkable.
• Ferries: Connect Valletta to Sliema and the Three Cities.
• Buses: The city serves as the main transport hub for the island.

Visitor Tips

1. Best Time to Visit: Spring (April–June) and autumn (September–November) offer mild weather and fewer crowds.
2. Walking Shoes: Valletta’s narrow streets and stairs require comfortable footwear.
3. Local Etiquette: Respect local customs, especially when visiting religious sites.