Gadaladeniya Temple | Kandy

Gadaladeniya Temple

The Gadaladeniya Temple, also known as Gadaladeniya Viharaya, is an ancient Buddhist temple located near Kandy in Pilimathalawa, Sri Lanka. This 14th-century temple is renowned for its impressive stone architecture, South Indian influences, and historical significance. Built during the Gampola Kingdom, the temple stands as a testament to the fusion of Sinhalese and Dravidian architectural styles.

Overview

• Location: Pilimathalawa, about 16 km west of Kandy, Central Province, Sri Lanka.
• Era: Built in 1344 AD.
• Founder: Constructed under the patronage of King Buwanekabahu IV and designed by the South Indian architect Sthapati Rayar.
• Architectural Style: Predominantly Dravidian, with local Sinhalese elements.

Key Features

Stone Architecture:

• The temple is built predominantly from stone, which sets it apart from other temples in the region that are primarily constructed using brick and wood.
• Massive stone pillars, intricate carvings, and unique stonework showcase the craftsmanship of the era.

Main Shrine (Buddhist Viharaya):

• The main shrine houses a large seated Buddha statue surrounded by smaller figures, reflecting the simplicity and elegance of Buddhist art from the Gampola period.
• The inner walls are adorned with faded murals depicting Buddhist themes and deities.

Stupa (Dagoba):

• The temple features a stone stupa, which is supported by a square platform and surrounded by smaller subsidiary shrines.
• Four smaller Buddha statues in seated postures are placed around the stupa.

Hindu Influence:

• A shrine dedicated to Vishnu is located within the temple complex, highlighting the religious harmony of the Gampola era.
• The architecture and carvings exhibit distinct South Indian influences, particularly in the designs of the pillars and arches.

Carvings and Decorations:

• Intricate floral motifs, animal figures, and guardian deities (Dwarapalas) are engraved on the stone pillars and walls.
• The Makara Thorana (dragon archway) at the entrance is a notable example of Sri Lankan artistry.

Bell Tower (Belfry):

• A small bell tower, constructed entirely from stone, stands near the main shrine. It is one of the few remaining stone belfries in Sri Lanka.

Historical and Religious Significance

Patronage of the Gampola Kingdom:

• The temple was built during the reign of King Buwanekabahu IV, a period marked by a fusion of South Indian and Sri Lankan cultures.
• It served as a religious and cultural hub for the region.

Coexistence of Buddhism and Hinduism:

• The inclusion of a Vishnu shrine within a Buddhist temple complex signifies the peaceful coexistence of the two religions during this period.

Architectural Uniqueness:

• The use of stone as the primary material, combined with the South Indian design, makes Gadaladeniya Temple an architectural masterpiece.

Visiting Gadaladeniya Temple

How to Get There:

• Located about 12 km from Kandy and 4 km from Pilimathalawa.
• Easily accessible by tuk-tuk, private vehicles, or local buses.

Opening Hours:

• Open daily from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM.

Entrance Fee:

• Foreigners: Approximately 500 LKR.
• Locals: A nominal fee or donation.

Best Time to Visit:

• Early morning or late afternoon to avoid crowds and enjoy the serene environment.

Dress Code:

• Modest clothing is required, covering shoulders and knees.
• Shoes must be removed before entering the temple.

Things to Do

Explore the Architecture:

• Admire the intricate stone carvings, ornate pillars, and unique stupa design.

Learn About History:

• Take a guided tour to understand the temple's historical and cultural significance, as well as the fusion of Sinhalese and Dravidian styles.

Photography:

• Capture the temple’s unique stonework, scenic surroundings, and the quiet beauty of the area.

Meditation and Reflection:

• The tranquil atmosphere of the temple makes it an ideal spot for meditation and quiet reflection.

Visit Nearby Temples:

• Combine your visit with other nearby historical temples like the Lankatilaka Temple and Embekke Devalaya, which are part of the same era and architectural tradition.

Tips for Visitors

• Bring Water: There are limited facilities near the temple, so carry water and snacks.
• Respect the Sanctity: Keep noise to a minimum and respect the rituals of worshippers.
• Hire a Guide: A local guide can provide valuable insights into the temple’s history and art.
• Check the Weather: The temple is located in a slightly elevated area, so check the weather forecast to avoid rain.

Nearby Attractions

1. Lankatilaka Temple: A historic temple with a unique blend of Sinhalese and Dravidian architecture.
2. Embekke Devalaya: Famous for its elaborate wooden carvings, located a short drive away.
3. Pilimathalawa Town: A small town with local shops and eateries, ideal for a quick stop.
4. Peradeniya Royal Botanical Gardens: Located a short distance from the temple, featuring a vast collection of plants and trees.

Conclusion

The Gadaladeniya Temple is a remarkable example of Sri Lanka's rich cultural and architectural heritage. Its combination of Buddhist and Hindu elements, stone craftsmanship, and tranquil surroundings make it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts, architecture lovers, and spiritual seekers alike. A visit to this ancient temple provides a unique glimpse into the artistic and cultural achievements of the Gampola Kingdom, making it an essential stop on any tour of Kandy and its surroundings.