Mount Loretto Unique Area | Staten Island

Mount Loretto Unique Area is a 241-acre nature preserve located on the southern shore of Staten Island, New York City. It is managed by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and is known for its rich ecological diversity, outdoor recreational opportunities, and important historical background.

Natural Features and Ecology

Mount Loretto Unique Area encompasses a wide variety of habitats, making it a valuable refuge for plants and wildlife. The main types of ecosystems found here include:

Coastal Bluffs and Shoreline:
The preserve is situated on some of the highest ocean-facing bluffs in New York State, offering stunning views over Raritan Bay. The shoreline includes sandy beaches and rocky areas that provide habitat for marine and shore species.

Wetlands and Freshwater Ponds:
The area contains freshwater and brackish wetlands that support diverse aquatic life and serve as breeding grounds for amphibians and waterfowl. The wetlands are critical for maintaining water quality and provide shelter for many bird species.

Grasslands and Meadows:
Open fields and meadows support grassland birds such as bobolinks and purple martins, as well as a variety of pollinators like butterflies and bees.

Woodlands:
Small wooded areas contain native tree species and provide habitat for deer, foxes, and other mammals.

The preserve is designated as a New York State Watchable Wildlife site due to the diversity of animals that can be observed, including bald eagles, osprey, harbor seals, white-tailed deer, and many species of migratory and resident birds.

Trails and Outdoor Activities

Mount Loretto Unique Area offers several trails that allow visitors to explore its natural beauty and learn about the local ecosystem:

Wetlands Trail:
This is a self-guided, interpretive loop trail featuring eight informational stops. It highlights the importance of wetlands and provides opportunities to observe wildlife such as waterfowl and amphibians. The trail includes boardwalk sections that help protect sensitive wetland habitats.

Grassland Trail:
This trail leads through open meadows where visitors can spot grassland birds and enjoy wide-open views. It’s a good spot for birdwatching, especially during migration seasons.

Beach Loop Trail:
This path takes visitors to the shoreline of Raritan Bay, offering scenic views and access to the beach. It’s a great place for nature walks and observing coastal ecosystems.

Additional outdoor activities include:

Fishing:
The preserve features an accessible fishing pier on a freshwater pond and about one mile of shoreline along Prince's Bay for saltwater fishing. Anglers can fish for species common to local waters while following state fishing regulations.

Wildlife Watching:
Due to its diverse habitats, Mount Loretto is a prime location for birdwatching and wildlife observation. Visitors can often see bald eagles soaring overhead, harbor seals swimming near the shore, and a variety of songbirds.

Biking:
Bicycles are allowed only on designated asphalt surfaces within the preserve, including parts of the Wetlands and Grassland trails.

Non-motorized Watercraft:
Kayaks and canoes are permitted on the seashore, though there is no official launch site. Visitors can carry their crafts to the beach via walking trails. Motorized boats and overnight stays on the water are not allowed.

Historical Significance

Mount Loretto Unique Area is rich not only in natural beauty but also in historical importance:

Mission of the Immaculate Virgin:
Founded in the 1880s by Father John Christopher Drumgoole, this mission operated an orphanage and farm on the land. It was one of the largest Catholic charitable institutions in New York State, serving thousands of orphaned and abandoned children. The mission’s legacy remains part of the area’s cultural heritage.

Prince's Bay Lighthouse:
Built in 1864, this lighthouse sits atop the bluffs within the preserve. It is the highest ocean-facing lighthouse in New York State and historically guided ships entering Raritan Bay. The lighthouse remains a prominent landmark and symbol of the area’s maritime history.

St. Joachim and St. Anne Church:
Constructed in 1891 to serve the mission community, this church is architecturally significant and culturally important. Its façade was featured in the film The Godfather (1972). Though no longer active as a church, it stands as a historic structure within the preserve.

Visitor Information

Hours and Admission:
Mount Loretto Unique Area is open year-round, from dawn to dusk. Admission is free.

Facilities and Accessibility:
The preserve offers a fishing pier with wheelchair access, picnic pavilion, and boardwalks designed to minimize habitat disturbance. Portable restrooms are available seasonally. Visitors should note that there are no formal visitor centers or staffed facilities on-site.

Rules and Regulations:
To protect the fragile environment, activities such as littering, camping, hunting, and use of motorized vehicles are prohibited. Dogs must be leashed, and bicycles are only allowed on designated trails.

Getting There

By Car:
The preserve is accessible via Hylan Boulevard on Staten Island. Parking is available in designated lots near the entrance.

By Public Transit:
The S78 bus line stops near the preserve entrance. Visitors should check the latest bus schedules for current service times.

Summary

Mount Loretto Unique Area offers a combination of natural beauty, outdoor recreation, and historical depth. Its varied ecosystems provide important habitats for a wide range of species, while its historical sites tell stories of Staten Island’s past. It is a valued destination for hikers, anglers, birdwatchers, history enthusiasts, and families seeking a quiet place to connect with nature.